The Effect Of Betaine On Lipid Metabolism In Mice Fed With High Fat Diet

Obesity is a major driver of metabolic diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,certain cancers and insulin resistance.The intake of high-energy food and the decrease of energy consumption are the important factors causing obesity.A high-fat diet effectively induces obesity.However,there is currently no effective drug to treat obesity.Betaine is a nontoxic,chemically stable and naturally occurring molecule.Betaine is an important nutrient in human body,which is distributed in almost all tissues of the body.The main intake of betaine is through food.Betaine,also known as trimethylglycine,plays an important role in regulating lipid metabolism because it can be used as a highly efficient methyl donor.In recent years,betaine has been widely studied as an additive in livestock feed.The results showed that betaine could reduce the body fat and increase the lean meat by promoting the decomposition of fatty acids and inhibiting the synthesis of fatty acids.In addition,betaine plays an important role in improving obesity and obesity-related diseases,lipid metabolism disorders and even in the treatment of cancer.In this paper,the effects of betaine on 3t3-l1 precursor adipocytes were investigated at the cellular level through the period of proliferation and differentiation of 3T3 cells and the construction of insulin resistance model.In vivo,mice were fed a high-fat diet to establish an animal model of obesity,and mice were injected with streptozotocin(STZ)to establish an animal model of hyperglycemia.Changes in mice were observed by feeding mice with betaine.The main research results are as follows:1.We established an obesity model by feeding 6-week-old female kunming mice with high-fat diet(HFD)for 13 weeks,and found that hfd-induced mice gained weight and increased body fat compared with mice on normal diet,and HFD mice developed insulin resistance through GTT and ITT tests.The high-fat diet induced metabolic disorders in mice.2.Betaine reduced body weight gain and fat content in all parts of HFD obese mice.Compared with the obese mice,the plasma cholesterol and triglycerides of the obese mice fed betaine decreased.This indicated that betaine could inhibit the formation of white fat.3.Treatment of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes cells with betaine,detection of cck-8 and EdU,and quantification of cell cycle genes and lipid metabolism related genes in the cells showed that betaine inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes cells,and improved the insulin resistance of insulin-resistant cells.4.The detection of adipose tissue in HFD mice showed that feeding betaine could change the fatty acid composition in adipose tissue,and betaine could promote the oxidation of fatty acid and reduce intramuscular fat deposition5.After the feeding of betaine,the symptoms of insulin resistance in HFD mice were improved and the pro-inflammatory factors in mice were reduced.When the mice with hyperglycemia were fed betaine,blood glucose decreased and insulin resistance recovered.