Study Of The Relationship Between The Influenza Virus Infection And Expression Of IFN-λ1

Objective:To observe the expression levels of IFN-λ1 in airway epithelial cells in children with influenza virus infection of different viral load.We compare the differences of the expression levels of IFN-λ1 of children with influenza a virus infection、influenza b virus infection、respiratory syncytial virus infection and human rhinovirus infection,to evaluate the role of IFN-λ1 in respiratory virus infection in children.Methods:1.The nasopharyngeal swab were collected from the children with acute respiratory infection in Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital pediatric outpatient from October 2017 to January 2019,taking bilateral nasopharyngeal swab.Then one of the specimen was used for 11 kinds of respiratory pathogens detection(adenovirus,human rhinovirus,pertussis,respiratory syncytial virus,chlamydia pneumoniae,mycoplasma pneumoniae,parainfluenza virus types 1-3,influenza a virus and influenza b virus)by viral nucleic acid detection and another specimen was used for bacterial and fungal culture.To select the only influenza a virus(IFVA)positive specimens 100 cases and only influenza b virus(IFVB)positive specimens 99 cases were used as IFVA infection group and IFVB infection group;To choose the only respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)positive specimens 92 cases and only human rhinovirus(HRV)positive specimens 90 cases were used as RSV infection group and HRVinfection group.Bilateral nasopharyngeal swabs of healthy children of outpatient physical examination in Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital were collected,and negative specimens 56 cases of respiratory pathogens and bacterial and fungal cultures were used as healthy control group.2.Clinical data of children with influenza virus infection were obtained by questionnaire.3.By Quantitative Real-time PCR method to detect the IFVA mRNA,IFVB mRNA and GAPDH mRNA,to observe the differences of the expression levels of IFN-λ1 between healthy control group 、 IFVA infection group、IFVB infection group、RSV infection group and HRV infection group,study of the relationship between the influenza virus infection and expression of IFN-λ1.Results:1.The expression of IFN-λ1 in IFV infection group was higher than that in healthy control group(t=24.00,P<0.05);the expression of IFN-λ1in IFVA infection group and IFVB infection group were higher than that in healthy control group(t=25.50,P<0.05)(t=20.23,P<0.05).2.In the IFV infection group,there is no correlation between expression levels of IFN-λ1 and sex(t=0.41,P>0.05);in the IFVA infection group and IFVB infection group,there is no correlation between expression levels of IFN-λ1 and sex(t=0.71,P>0.05)(t=0.08,P>0.05).3.In the IFV infection group,there is no correlation betweenexpression levels of IFN-λ1 and age(F=2.02,P>0.05);in the IFVA infection group and IFVB infection group,there is no correlation between expression levels of IFN-λ1 and age(F=0.62,P>0.05)(F=2.34,P>0.05).4.IFVA infection group elicited higher levels of IFN-λ1 when compared with IFVB(t=2.41,P<0.05).5.In IFVA infection group and IFVB infection group,there is no significant differe between expression levels of IFN-λ1 and IFVA loads or IFVB loads(r=-0.018,P>0.05)(r=-0.045,P>0.05).6.The expression levels of IFN-λ1 in IFVA infection group,IFVB infection group,RSV infection group and HRV infection group were 3.90± 0.41,3.22 ± 0.67,2.68 ± 0.40,2.49 ± 0.31.IFVA infection group elicited higher levels of IFN-λ1 when compared with RSV infection group and HRV infection group(t =9.66,P<0.05)(t=22.99,P<0.05);IFVB infection group elicited higher levels of IFN-λ1 when compared with RSV infection group and HRV infection group(t=7.47,P <0.05)(t=18.65,P<0.05).Conclusion:Influenza a virus infection and influenza b virus infection can induce expression of IFN-λ1 in children,but there is a difference in the expression of IFN-λ1 between influenza a virus and influenza b virus,as well as between influenza virus,respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus,suggesting that IFN-λ1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of influenzavirus and play different roles in different virus infections.