Multiple Primary Malignant Tumors:A Case Report And Literature Review

Background: As the level of diagnosis and treatment of cancer increases,awareness of Multiple primary malignant tumors(MPMTs)is also increasing.There are many reports about second malignancies(SMs)at home and abroad,but cases of three malignant tumors in the same patient are rare.We report a case of cutaneous basal cell carcinoma(c BCC),chronic myeloid leukemia(CML),and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(c SCC).Through the medical history of this patient,we explore the pathogenesis of MPMTs and the treatment of c SCC in special sites,in order to deepen our understanding of the disease and play a certain role on its prevention and treatment.Method: By reporting a case of c BCC,CML,and c SCC in the same patient and searching literatures about MPMTs for retrospective analysis,we explore the etiology,treatment and prevention of MPMTs.Result: The patient underwent surgery and radiotherapy for the right alar c BCC 20 years ago.He was diagnosed with CML in the 5th year after radiotherapy.He was treated with imatinib for 2 years and then changed to hydroxyurea for CML.In the13 th year of hydroxyurea treatment,he was diagnosed as c SCC of the left face.He underwent surgery and radiotherapy,and continued hydroxyurea for CML.In the 9th month after surgical treatment of c SCC,he found a new lesion in the external nasal skin.Conclusion:The occurrence of MPMTs may be related to multiple factors.For example,radiotherapy may lead to CML;hydroxyurea,ultraviolet radiation and immunosuppression of CML together promote the development of c SCC,so the long-term side effects of drugs or radiotherapy should be considered when choosing the therapy.c SCC is mainly treated by surgery,and multidisciplinary team should be adopted if necessary.Patients should avoid high-risk factors when occurring tumors and do regular physical examinations to detect early lesions,which can prevent MPMTs.