Analysis Of Gut Microbiota In Patients With Moderate And Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Objective Patients with traumatic brain injury are often accompanied by gastrointestinal dysfunction,and gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining gastrointestinal ecological balance,which can interact with the central nervous system through vagal nervous system and intestinal nervous system.We speculate that gut microbiota may be closely related to pathological changes and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with traumatic brain injury.The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences and disorder characteristics of gut microbiota between patients with traumatic brain injury and healthy control group,and to observe the recovery characteristics of intestinal microflora in patients with traumatic brain injury after probiotic intervention.To explore the relationship between traumatic brain injury and gut microbiota,reveal the role of gut microbiota in pathological changes of traumatic brain injury,in order to provide new adjuvant treatment for the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic brain injury,and to improve the prognosis of patients.Methods According to the case-control study,in the first part of this study,fecal samples from 24 patients with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury and 10healthy control volunteers were selected as subjects.The diversity of V4 sequence of16s rRNA in gut flora was detected based on IonS5^TMXL sequencing platform and multivariate statistical method,which revealed the differences of community structure between patients with traumatic brain injury and healthy controls.In the second part of this study,6 patients with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury and 8 patients with traumatic brain injury treated with probiotics were selected as the object of study to analyze the effect of probiotics on gut flora of patients with traumatic brain injury.In addition,Tax4Fun tool was used to predict the gene function of gut microbiota.Results In this study,it was found that the dominant bacteria of case group and control group were Firmicutes,Bacteroides and Proteobacteria.The indexes of Observed species and Chao1 in control group were significantly lower than those in case group?P<0 05?,but there was no significant difference in Shannon and Simpson indexes between the two groups?P>0 05?.The relative abundance of Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,Blautia,Lachnospiraceae,Ruminococcaceae,Faecalibacterium and Bifidobacteriaceae in case group were significantly lower than that in healthy control group.The relative abundance of Proteus,Akkermansia muciniphila and Enterococcus were significantly higher than that of the healthy control group.After probiotic intervention,The intestinal microflora of patients with traumatic brain injury increased in Clostridiales,Blautia,Faecalibacterium,unidentified Lachnospiraceae,Bifidobacterium,Ruminococcus sp.5₁₃9BFAA,Subdoligranulum,Eubacterium hallii and other probiotics.However,the pathogenic bacteria such as Enterococcaceae and Enterococcus decreased.In addition,the prediction of Tax4Fun function showed that the effects of genetic information processing,environmental information processing and cellular process function of gut flora in patients with traumatic brain injury were significantly weaker than those in healthy controls.The functions of tissue system,metabolism,human disease and unclassified function were stronger than those in the healthy control group,while after probiotic intervention,the functions of genetic information processing,environmental information processing and cellular process were enhanced.Conclusion This study found that there were significant differences between gut microbiota of patients with traumatic brain injury and healthy control group.The main manifestations were the decrease of beneficial bacteria such as cellulose degradation,short chain fatty acid production and the increase of conditional pathogens.After probiotics intervention,the increase of beneficial bacteria such as cellulose degradation and the decrease of conditional pathogens were the main manifestations in patients with traumatic brain injury.According to Tax4Fun's prediction results,there are differences in growth,metabolism and information transmission between gut microbiota of patients with traumatic brain injury and healthy people.gut microbiota function of patients with traumatic brain injury is obviously damaged.Oral probiotics can promote the recovery of gut microbiota of patients with traumatic brain injury.