| Lagerstroemia speciosa(L.)Pers,also named as giant crepe-myrtle,is a tall tropical deciduous tree,belonging to the family of Lythraceae.About 55 species of this genus are found in Sri Lanka,India,Malaysia,Philippines,Vietnam,as well as in Guangdong,Guangxi and Fujian of China.Giant crepe-myrtle is used as a folk medicine in Southeast Asia,commonly known as "banaba".Its roots are used as an astringent in India,and its leaves are applied for curing malaria and fracture of feet in Malaysia.Meanwhile,a kind of tea drinks has been made from its leaves to treat and prevent diabetes.Nowadays,there are many studies on pharmacological activities of the leaf extracts from L.speciosa,but few on their chemical constituents.In this study,the fruits of L.speciosa were extracted with 75%ethanol-water,and the extracts were successively fractionated with cyclohexane,chloroform,and n-butanol,respectively.Various chromatographies were applied to the separation and purification of the constituents.On basis of the physical and chemical properties and spectroscopic data(1D and 2D NMR,MS),70 compounds were successfully identified.Their chemical names were given below.(1)sterols,5a,6a-epoxy-3?-hydrox-y-(22E,24R)-ergosta-9(11),22-diene-7-one(1*),(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,9(11),22-triene-3?,5?,6?-triol(2*),6?-methoxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,9(11),22-triene-3?,5?-diol(3),5?,8?-epidioxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-diene-3?-ol(4),5a,6a-epoxy-3?-hydroxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-22-ene-7-one(5),6?-methoxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-diene-3?,5?-diol(6),(22E,24R)-ergosta-8(14),22-diene-3?,5?,6?,7?-tetraol(7),7?-methoxy-5?,6a-epoxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-8(14),22-diene-3?-ol(8),stigmastane-3?,6?-diol(9),stigmast-3,6-dione(10),7 a-hydroxysito-sterol(11),7?-hydroxysitosterol(12),7a-methoxy-stigmast-5-ene-3?-ol(13),7?-methoxy-stigmast-5-ene-3?-ol(14),7-oxositosterol(15),?-sitosterol(16)daucosterol(17),stigmast-4-ene-6?-ol-3-one(18),(24S)-stigmast-5-ene-7?-ethoxy-3?-ol(19).(2)triterpenoids,2-hydroxy-3-oxo-24-norursa-1,4,12-triene-28-oic acid(20*),psiguanin A(21),a-amyrin(22),ursolic acid(23)8,26-cyclo-urs-21-en-3?,20?-diol(24)2?,3?,24-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene-28-oic acid(25),lup-20(29)-en-3?,30-diol(26),betulin(27),lupeol(28),3a-acetoxy-27-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid methyl ester(29),betulonic acid(30),2a,3?,24-trihydroxyolean-18-ene-28-oic acid(31),arjunolic acid(32),oleanolic acid(33),3?-acetoxy-27-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid methyl ester(34),punicaone(35),2-hydroxy-3-oxo-24-noroleana-1,4,12-trien-28-oic acid(36),3?-hydroxy-1-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid(37),soyasapogenol B(38),arjunic acid(39).(3)phenylpropanoids,.2,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one(40),1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-propan-1-one(41),(2S)-3,3-di-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propane-1,2-diol(42),1,2-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-propanediol(43),2,3-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-propanediol(44),2,3-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-methoxypropanol(45),evofolin B(46),secoisolariciresinol(47)(7R,8S)-3,5'dimethoxy-4',7-epoxy-8,3'-neolignane-5,9,9'-triol(48),curcasinlignan B(49),ficusal(50),curcasinlignan A(51),pinoresinol(52),syringaresinol(53).(4)phenolics,3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde(54),p-hydroxybenzaldehyde(55),3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde(56),ethyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzoate(57),ethyl gallate(58),4-hydroxybenzoic acid(59),5-heptylresorcinol(60)iriflophenone 3-C-?-D-glucoside(61),4-hydroxymellein(62),(R)-lasiodiplodin(63),4-hydroxy mellein-8-O-caffeic acid(64).other types,5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfuraldehyde(65),cytochalasin H(66),epoxycytochalasin H(67),(2S)-?-palmitic acid monoglyceride(68),(2S)-?-(9'Z,12'Z,15'Z)-octadecatrienoic acid monoglyceride(69),(2S)-?-(9'Z,12'Z)-octadecatrienoic acid monoglyceride(70).Among these purified constituents,compounds 1-19 are 19 sterols,compounds 20-39 are 20 triterpenoids,compounds 40-53 are 14 phenylpropanoids,compounds 54-64 are 11 phenolics.Among them,compounds 1,2 and 20 are three new compounds.In addition,in vitro anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory and a-glucosidase inhibitory activities of some isolated compounds were evaluated.Compounds 13 and 18 showed obvious activity against the tested tumor cell lines(Hela,HepG2,and SGC-7901)with IC50 values 15.90-39.13?M comparing with the positive control cisplatin(IC50 3.31-16.6 ?M).Compounds 1,2,and 6 exhibited pronounced inhibitory effects on the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced nitric oxide(NO)production in a macrophage BV-2 cell line with IC50 7.20-15.88 ?M(IC50 for the positive control minocycline 17.65 ± 0.70 ?M).Compound 21 exhibited pronounced ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity with the IC50 values of 121.26±9.71 ?M.This study provided the chemical basis for the further development and utilization of L.speciosa. |
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