Cell Membrane-based Nano-vaccine For Tumor Immunotherapy

Cancer vaccines,by educating the immune system to specifically recognize and eliminate tumor cells,have attracted more and more attention in tumor immunotherapy.Ideally,a fully effective vaccine should co-deliver tumor-specific antigens and adjuvants to DCs for simultaneous activation and antigen presentation of DCs and subsequently elicit anti-tumor CD8+ T cell responses.Here,we report a strategy to develop a nanovaccine system called as bactusome by coating cancer cell membranes(CCMs)and bacterial outer membrane vesicles(OMVs)hybrid membranes(CCM-OMVs)on the selected PLGA nanoparticles.CCMs contained various tumor-specific antigens and OMVs preserved multiple kinds of immunostimulatory components from parental bacteria,thus the obtained bactusome significantly promoted the maturation and tumor-specific antigen presentation of DCs and eventually mounted tumor-specific CD8+T cell responses.Immunization with the bactusome itself showed a great preventive effect on tumor development and combination of the bactusome with immune checkpoint blockade therapy further performed a good therapeutic efficacy on established tumors.Overall,the bactusome cancer nanovaccine system offers a good method for cancer immunotherapy and might be developed as personalized cancer nanovaccine.