Effect Analysis Of Different Specific Immunotherapy Approaches On Children Bronchial Asthma

Object:Bronchial asthma(asthma)is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract composed of a variety of inflammatory cells in children.Dust mites are the most common inhalation allergens,and specific immunotherapy is the only way to change the natural course of allergic diseases.Specific immunotherapy currently has two main methods-subcutaneous injection(SCIT)and sublingual desensitization(SLIT).Although the curative effect of the two methods has been recognized to a certain extent,there is still a lack of more clinical data to support,and there is a lack of more rigorous controlled design studies.In this study,both approaches were included to further clarify the specific efficacy of specific immunotherapy and to understand the specific differences of different approaches in clinical practice.Methods : A total of 67 cases of children with bronchial asthma who received dust mite SIT in the second hospital of jiaxing met the inclusion criteria were collected,including 33 cases in the sublingual administration group and 34 cases in the subcutaneous injection group.According to the sample size calculation,the control group was at least 28 cases,30 cases of asthma children who met the inclusion criteria in the same period but only received conventional treatment(inhaled glucocorticoid)were selected as the control group.All the subjects in the three groups were children diagnosed with bronchial asthma according to the guidelines for the diagnosis and prevention of bronchial asthma in children(2016 edition),combined with the medical history,symptoms and signs.The changes of pulmonary function(FEV%,PEF,MMEF%),exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO),eosinophil percentage(AL%)and asthma symptom control score in the three groups before and after treatment were compared to understand the effects and advantages and disadvantages of specific immunotherapy.Results:1.After 6 months of treatment,there were significant differences in asthma symptom control score,lung function,AL%,FeNO and other aspects between the subglossal administration group and the pre-treatment group(P<0.05).2.At about 6 months after treatment,there were significant differences between the subcutaneous desensitization group and the pre-treatment group in asthma symptom control score,lung function,AL%,FeNO and other aspects(P<0.05).3.At about 6 months after treatment,there was no significant difference between the control group and the control group before and after treatment(P>0.05).4.There were significant differences between the subglossal administration group and the subcutaneous injection group after treatment compared with the control group,and the differences between the subglossal administration group and the subcutaneous injection group before and after treatment were more significant than those in the subglossal administration group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).5.Severe adverse reactions occurred in the subcutaneous injection group during the treatment process were more obvious than those in the subglossal administration group,while in this study,the former had better compliance in the early stage of treatment,but the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion:1.By comparing the data before and after the treatment of asthma,it was preliminarily found that in the early stage of specific immunotherapy(6months),subcutaneous injection group and subglossal administration group had significant efficacy in the treatment of childhood asthma.2.By comparing the data of the same period between the groups,it was preliminarily found that in the early stage of specific immunotherapy(6months),subcutaneous injection group had a more significant effect in clinical effect and clinical indicators than subglossal administration group.2.3.In this study,it was preliminarily found that subcutaneous injection group was more prone to severe adverse reactions than subglossal administration group,suggesting that subglossal administration group may be more safe than subcutaneous injection group,and the former had better compliance in the early stage of asthma treatment.