Effect Of Coatings On Pure Titanium With Different Pore Sizes On Adhesion And Osteogenic Differentiation Of BMSCs

Objective In this study,micro-arc oxidation(MAO)technology was used to prepare coatings with different pore sizes on pure titanium.The effects of different pore sizes coatings on the adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)were also investigated.Method Micro-arc oxidation coatings with different pore sizes were prepared by adjusting MAO time parameters.The surface morphology,element composition and crystal phase of the coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS)and X-ray diffraction(XRD),respectively.Rat BMSCs were co-cultured with materials of different pore size groups,live-dead cell staining and EdU assay were used to detect the toxicity of the material.The expression of integrin ?1 was detected by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining.Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and alizarin red staining(ARS),immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression of osteogenesis-related protein and gene.Result Three groups of coatings with different pore sizes were successfully prepared,and the pore sizes of coatings ranged from 3 to 10 ?m.Moreover,the pore sizes gradually increased with the prolongation of oxidation time.It was found that the MAO-treated materials contained four elements: Ti,O,Ca and P,and the crystal structure of the material is anatase TiO2.Importantly,the expression of adhesion-related protein integrin ?1 and osteogenic-related proteins OSX and ALP increased along with the increase in pore size.This study showed that the porous coating prepared by MAO promotes BMSCs adhesion and osteogenic differentiation.It reveals that the pore size is in the range of 3–10 ?m and the larger pores are more beneficial for BMSCs adhesion and osteogenic differentiation.Conclusion The coatings prepared by MAO on titanium surfaces with a pore size range of 3–10 ?m,and our results showed that a larger pore size was more conducive to adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.The results also provide a reference for optimizing the design of biomedical implant surfaces.