Experimental Study On Apoptosis And Anti-apoptosis During Fat Transplantation

Objective: Exploring variable factors affecting the retention volume of grafts in autologous fat transplantation and the positive therapeutic effects of anti-apoptotic drug edaravone on postoperative transplantation volume from the perspective of apoptosis.Methods: 108 SD male rats were randomly divided into groups A,B,C,D,E,and F,with 18 rats in each group.Group A was a sham operation group,rat fat was treated with the same amount of physiological saline instead of local anesthesia,zero negative pressure,130 shearing and 38 °C contact temperature to simulate mouse fat transplantation for clinical autologous fat transplantation.B,C,D,E,and F were experimental intervention groups which had different variables on the basis of group A.Group B was given local anesthesia with different concentrations of lidocaine,group C was given negative pressure with different pressure gradients,group D was given mechanical force with different shear times,group E was given different temperature gradients for graft exposure to environmental conditions,group F was given Different concentrations of edaravone.Graft specimens taken immediately after operation and at 1 week,4 weeks and 8 weeks after transplantation,observed and recorded the morphological features and volume of the specimens,observed histological changes under light microscope after HE staining,and detected apoptosis ratio of fat cells in each group by flow cytometry Annexin V/PI double staining method.Result: Compared with the sham operation group in the same period,the proportion of apoptosis in the 2%-concentrated lidocaine subgroup and the 330-time mechanical shear subgroup immediately and 1 week after surgery increased significantly.At 8 weeks after operation,the HE stained fat cell morphology of this two subgroups were obviously irregular and disordered by and the graft retentions volume were significantly reduced(P<0.05);the percentage of apoptosis in the 4°C hypothermia group and the 0.1%,0.2% edaravone group were significantly decreased at immediately and 1 week after surgery.At 8 weeks after operation,the HE stained fat cell's morphology of those subgroups were more regular and the volume were more consistent,more vascular proliferation was observed,the volume of graft retention was significantly increased(P < 0.05).There was no significant difference in the remaining volume between the remaining subgroups and the sham operation group(P > 0.05).Conclusion: In autologous fat transplantation,high concentration of lidocaine and frequent mechanical shearing will reduce the volume of fat retained after transplantation.Low concentration of lidocaine and low negative pressure have no effect on post-transplant results.Low temperature and anti-apoptotic therapy can increase the retention volume of adipose tissue after transplantation.