A Five Years Longitudinal Study On Physical Growth Characteristics With Different Developmental Types

Purposes: Through the follow-up study of the same batch of children for five years,explore the changes of children's physical development characteristics with age for different developmental types,lay a foundation for children's growth and development research and promote children's bone health.Method: A 5-year follow-up test was conducted on pupils of Grade 3 of Huilongguan yuxin School affiliated to Capital Normal University.The test indicators were: height,weight,body fat percentage,forearm bone mineral density,bone age(first year and fifth year),The effective data for five years is 291 people.According to the "China Youth Children's Wrist Bone Maturity and Evaluation Method"(Chinese skeletal age)issued by the State General Administration of Sports,the degree of maturity of each reference bone was assessed,and the bone age was given on the basis of comprehensive evaluation of each bone.Resullts: 1.The height,weight,body fat percentage,BMI and muscle content of male and female children increased with age with the increase of age(P<0.05),and the above-mentioned indicators of boys and girls of the same age.Independent sample ttest showed that there was a statistically significant difference between male and female(p<0.05).2.At the peak age of growth of male and female children at the age of 6 to 10 years,except for the peak height of growth and development of male students,the peak age of growth,body mass index,body fat percentage and muscle content are all 8 years old.At the age of 9.3.Growth and development are classified into normal developmental type(difference within ±1),early developmental type(difference ?1),and late developmental type(difference ?-1)according to the magnitude of the difference.The proportion of three different developmental types was 28.2% in early development type,62.2% in normal development type,and 9.6% in late development type.At the age of 10,the proportion of developmental types was 51.9% in early development.Development type was 36.4%,and late development type was 11.7%.The average value of each morphological index of children with three developmental types was early development group>normal development group>late development group,and the difference between groups was significant;(P<0.05)the obesity rate of boys aged 5.6 to 10 years old was determined by 21.9% rose to 23.4%;the obesity rate for girls and girls fell from 20.3% to 17.1%.5.One-way analysis of variance was performed on boys and girls at the age of 10 compared to children at the age of 6 at the age of 6 years.Developmental-type boys and girls were 6-year-old and 10-year-old in height,weight and body fat.There was a significant difference(P < 0.05)in children with a developmental type,ie,a developmental type.Conclusion:1.A 5-year follow-up study of 291 children found that children's morphological indicators showed an increasing trend with age when they were 6 to 10 years old,and their growth and development were still in a rapid growth stage.At the peak age of growth,except for boys,the peak age of growth and development appeared at 8 years old,and the growth peak ages of body weight,body mass index,body fat percentage and muscle content of boys and girls were all 9 years old.There were “gender differences” in height,weight,BMI,body fat percentage,muscle mass,and forearm bone density.In general,boys have a greater growth and development level than girls during the age of 6-9,and girls begin to enter puberty at the age of 9 than boys.2 The proportion of early development types in this paper is higher at the age of 6 and 10 years old.When the boys and girls are 10 years old,the proportion of early development types has exceeded 1/3,showing the trend of accelerated growth and development of children and adolescents.The average values of morphological indexes of children with three developmental types were early development group>normal development group>late development group,and the difference between groups was significant.4 During the 5-year period,the overweight and obesity rates of boys and girls were generally wavy.The five-year obesity and overweight rate of boys was 41.4%,and that of girls was 34.3%.5 Children with developmental types have different morphological indicators and children with the same developmental type.Specifically,children with high maturity will be accompanied by high morphological indicators.The two developmental types are prominent,and the indicator changes are based on early development > normal development > late development.