The Incidence Of Upper Airway Stenosis In Class? And Class ? Sagittal Facial Type Malocclusion And Cranical And Maxillofacial Correlation Study

Objective:(1)To understand the incidence of upper airway sagittal stenosis in permanent detition in sagittal Class?and?malocclusion.(2)To understand the correlation between sagittal of the upper airway and cranical and maxillofacial structures.Methods:From January 2016 to December 2017,185 cases of Class?and?of permanent malocclusion were selected for initial diagnosis cases,aged 14-25(18.87±3.72 years),including 136 cases of Class?,ANB5~10°(6.09±1.25)°,49 cases of Class?ANB-5-0.5°(1.38±1.51)°.The lateral cephalometric radiographs before treament were collected to measure the upper airway and cranial-maxillofacial data,and the incidence of the upper airway sagittal stenosis and its correlation with cranial-maxillofacial structure were analyzed.SPSS23.0 statistical software was used.The rate was compared by?~2test,and the correlation was analyzed by Pearson correlation.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:(1)The incidence of upper airway stenosis:the incidence of upper airway stenosis in Class?and?was 80.88%and 51.02%respectively(P<0.05).The incidence of upper airway stenosis in Class?high-angle,average--angle and low-angle was was 90.47%,76.09%and 66.67%respectively(P<0.05).The incidence of upper airway stenosis in Class?high-angle,average--angle and low-angle was was 58.33%,50.00%and 46.67%respectively(P>0.05).(2)Degree and site of upper airway stenosis in sagittal Class?malocclusion:136 cases of Class?malocclusion,the number of cases and composition of no stenosis,mild stenosis,moderate stenosis and severe stenosis was 26 cases(19.12%),49 cases(36.03%),50 cases(36.76%),11 cases(8.09%)respectively.The distribution of upper airwaynarrow sites in nasopharyngeal segment(PNS-R),nasopharyngeal segment(PNS-UPW),palatopharyngeal segment(SPP-SPPW),palatopharyngealsegment(U-MPW),lingual pharyngealsegment(PAS),laryngopharyngeal segment(V-LPW)was 0 case(0),1 case(0.91%),7 cases(6.36%),20 cases(18.18%),70 cases(63.64%)and 12cases(10.91%).(3)Degree and site of upper airway stenosis in sagittal Class?malocclusion:49 cases of Class?malocclusion,the number of cases and composition of no stenosis,mild stenosis,moderate stenosis and severe stenosis was respectively 24 cases(48.98%),15 cases(30.61%),8 cases(16.33%),2cases(4.08%).The stenosis site was nasopharyngeal segment(PNS-R)in 3patients(12.00%).The distribution of narrow sites in nasopharyngeal segment(PNS-R),nasopharyngeal segment(PNS-UPW),palatopharyngeal segment(SPP-SPPW),palatopharyngeal segment(U-MPW),glossopharyngeal segment(PAS),laryngopharyngeal segment(V-LPW)was 3 cases(12.00%),3 cases(12.00%),6 cases(24.00%),7 cases(28.00%),4 cases(16.00%)and 2 cases(8.00%).(4)The correlation of airway sagittal diameter and cranial and maxillofacial structure of Class?malocclusion:PNS-UPW was positively correlated with SNA(P<0.05),and negatively correlated with SN-MP(P<0.05).Palatopharyngeal segment:SPP-SPPW was negatively correlated with ANB(P<0.05).U-MPW was positively correlated with SNB(P<0.05),negatively correlated with ANB(P<0.05),and negatively correlated with SN-MP(P<0.01).Glossopharyngeal segment:PAS was positively correlated with SNB(P<0.01),and negatively correlated with ANB and SN-MP(P<0.01).Laryngopharyngeal segment:V-LPW was negatively correlated with ANB(P<0.01)and SN-MP(P<0.05).(5)The correlation of airway sagittal diameter and cranial and maxillofacial structure of sagittal Class?malocclusion:Nasopharyngeal segment:PNS-R and PNS-UPW were positively correlated with SNA(P<0.05).Palatopharyngeal segment:SPP-SPPW was positively correlated with SNA(P<0.05).U-MPW was positively correlated with SNB(P<0.05)and negatively correlated with SN-MP(P<0.05).Glossopharyngeal segment:PAS was positively correlated with SNB(P<0.05)and negatively correlated with SN-MP(P<0.05).Laryngopharyngeal segment:V-LPW was positively correlated with SNB(P<0.05),and negatively correlated with SN-MP(P<0.05).Conclusion:(1)The incidence of upper airway stenosis in Class?and Class?sagittal facial type was 80.88%and 51.02%.There was high incidence of upper airway stenosis in Class?high-angle facial type.(2)Upper airway stenosis in Class was moderate stenosis>mild stenosis>severe stenosis.The highest narrow composition was in glossopharyngeal segment PAS.(3)Upper airway stenosis in Class?was mild stenosis>moderate sten-osis>severe stenosis.The highest narrow composition was in palatopharyngeal segment U-MPW.(4)The upper airway sagittal diameter of Class?and Class?has a correlation with cranial and maxillofacial structures.