Does Basic Medical Insurance Cause Ex-anti Moral Hazard In The Elderly?

At present,China is gradually entering an aging society.China has more and more elderly people,and its proportion is also getting higher and higher.With the increasing aging,the elderly face various social problems such as medical care,old-age care and lack of spirit.The health protection of the elderly is particularly concerned by the society.At present,China has established a basic medical insurance system,including urban workers'basic medical insurance,urban residents' medical insurance and new rural cooperative medical insurance system,which have solved the problem of the elderly's medical treatment to a certain extent.However,in the process of comprehensively promoting medical insurance,medical insurance subsidy standards,and popularizing medical resource services,there will also be some negative effects,which may cause the elderly in the insured areas to reduce their health investment in preventing diseases before the disease occurs,leading to ex-anti morality risk.It is more likely that the elderly will suffer from various diseases,increase their total medical expenses,and increase the use of medical insurance.Therefore,the study of ex ante moral hazard can help solve the problem that the health behavior of the elderly is affected by the basic medical insurance.By studying the mechanism of the impact of ex ante moral hazard,it is possible to explore the direction of health insurance to help improve the health of the elderly,and to reduce the ageing and the deepening burden of old-age care for all regions.It has positive theoretical and practical significance in the current environment of building a well-off society.This paper first discusses the background significance of the topic,and makes a preliminary research and summary of China's current aging trend,the development of medical insurance system and the theory of ex ante moral hazard,and then studies the medical insurance and ex ante moral hazard in recent years.After a literature review,the paper introduces and selects the Charls data from 2013 to 2015,and uses the logit model,the panel fixed effect model and the PSMDID model to bring the basic medical insurance for the elderly.Ethical risks and their heterogeneity and the changes in pre-existing moral hazard brought about by the improvement of basic medical insurance subsidy standards were analyzed.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows.First,the basic medical insurance for the insurance will increase the unhealthy behavior of the elderly,including smoking,drinking,reducing physical exercise and not controlling weight,causing ex ante moral hazard,while their own health level,gender,age,Income,etc.are all significant factors affecting the healthy behavior of the elderly.Second,the pre-existing moral hazard of the elderly participating in basic medical insurance is heterogeneous,that is,the elderly with better health level have stronger ex-anti moral hazard,while those with poor health status have weaker or even non-existent ex-anti moral hazard.Third,the increase in subsidies for urban housing insurance and new rural cooperative medical insurance will also increase the unhealthy behavior of the elderly and increase the ex-anti moral hazard.Among them,the proportion of drinking alcohol for the elderly will increase by 2.26%,and the proportion of smoking will increase by 2.98%.The probability of activity was reduced by 2.32%,and the probability of not paying attention to weight control increased by 2.54%.Finally,the content of this article is summarized,and it is recommended to continue to strengthen and consolidate the development of basic medical insurance,adjust the mode of medical insurance funds,and use it more for health prevention expenditures and public health facilities to better promote the health prevention behavior of the elderly.Strengthen the health education for the elderly and raise the health awareness of the elderly.