Effect Of Dry Cold Environment And Diet On Metabolism In Rats

Objective: To study the effects of cold and dry environment and diet on metabolites,and to search possible biomarkers and related metabolic pathways in rats by using NMR-based metabolomics method.METHODS: 70 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into healthy control group and stop intervention day 1 treatment group(model group 1),stop intervention day 3 treatment group(model group 2),stop intervention day 7 treatment group(model group)3)Stop the intervention on the 14 th day treatment group(model group 4)and stop the intervention on the 21 st day treatment group(model group 5).Dry and cold environment and diet were used as stressors to intervene rats for 3 weeks.According to the treatment time,plasma,urine,liver,heart,kidney,spleen and other tissue samples were collected to screen and identify relevant metabolic markers and analyze metabolic pathways by using nuclear magnetic resonance(1H-NMR)and other multivariate data analysis methods.RESULTS: It can be seen from the plane distribution map obtained by the OPLS-DA analysis of each treatment group,that is,the model group,the distribution areas of the two groups are completely separated,indicating that there is metabolic difference.The 21-day natural recovery of the model group was still different from the healthy control group.(1)There are 19 differential metabolites associated with each model group 1 plasma sample,including: isoleucine,leucine,valine,beta-hydroxybutyrate,lactate,alanine,methionine,pyruvate,Glutamine,?-ketoglutaric acid,muscle liver,taurine,?-glucose,carnitine,?-glucose,glycine,creatine,tyrosine,formic acid,etc.(2)There are 23 differential metabolites associated with urine samples,including: isoleucine,propionate,lactic acid,acetic acid,acetamide,glycoprotein,acetone,pyruvic acid,alpha-ketoglutaric acid,citric acid,Dimethylamine,formamidine,trimethylamine,creatine,taurine,glycine,creatinine,allantoin,urinary acid ester,phenylalanine,hippuric acid,trimethylhistidine,formic acid,etc.(3)There are 21 differential metabolites related to liver tissue samples,including: isoleucine,leucine,valine,propionate,lactic acid,acetic acid,methionine,proline,pyruvate,?-ketopentane Acid,choline,taurine,triglyceride,?-glucose,?-glucose,glycine,tyrosine,urinary acid ester,methylnicotine,amino hippuric acid,histidine,etc.(4)There are 22 kinds of differential metabolites related to heart tissue samples,including: isoleucine,leucine,lysine,lactic acid,acetic acid,glutamic acid,proline,pyruvic acid,carnitine,malic acid,muscle.Acid,aspartic acid,choline,taurine,triglyceride,?-glucose,?-glucose,glycerol,creatine,urinary acid ester,inosine,etc.(5)There are 31 differential metabolites related to kidney tissue samples,including: isoleucine,leucine,valine,propionate,lactic acid,alanine,acetic acid,methionine,proline,acetone,Pyruvic acid,alpha-ketoglutaric acid,aspartic acid,muscle liver,cysteine,choline,taurine,triglyceride,alpha-glucose,beta-glucose glycine,glycerol,Creatine,phenylalanine,?-hydroxy-n-glutaric acid,threonine,amino hippuric acid,tyrosine,urinary acid ester,histidine,etc.(6)There are 26 kinds of differential metabolites related to spleen tissue,including: isoleucine,leucine,valine,lysine,lactic acid,alanine,acetic acid,methionine,proline,malic acid,aspartic Acid,?-ketoglutaric acid,phenylalanine,choline,taurine,triglyceride,?-glucose,?-glucose,glycine,glycerol,tyrosine,threonine,amino horse uric acid,histidine,urinary acid ester and the like.These metabolites were found to be closely related to changes in various metabolic pathways.Among them,the plasma,urine,liver,heart,kidney and spleen differential metabolite-associated metabolic pathways were 9 species,6 species,9 species,9 species,11 species and 8 species.In addition,histomorphology observed that the treatment groups had different degrees of tissue damage compared with the healthy control group.Conclusion: A series of model-related differential metabolites,including phenylalanine and tyrosine,were found in plasma,urine,liver,heart,spleen and kidney by metabolomics analysis in rats through dry cold environment and diet.And tryptophan biosynthesis;starch and sucrose metabolism;alanine,aspartic acid and glutamate metabolism;taurine and hypotaurine metabolism;glycolysis or gluconeogenesis;glycine,serine and sul Metabolism;tricarboxylic acid cycle;pyruvate metabolism;histidine metabolism;biosynthesis of valine,leucine and isoleucine;metabolic pathways such as cysteine and methionine,and metabolomics The results of histomorphometric analysis indicated that the intervention factors had long-term effects on rats.this study provided scientific basis for further study on the metabolic characteristics of rats in the dry-cold environment and diet,an effective attempt was made to objectify the study,so as to deepen the understanding of environmental factors on the physiological and pathological changes of the body.