Effect Of Calorie-restricted Diet On Metabolism Indexes In Obese Female Patients With Schizophrenia

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of calorie-restricted diet(CRD)on metabolic related indexes such as body weight(BW)in hospitalized schizophrenia female obese patients and its influencing factors,and to explore a scientific diet plan suitable for healthy weight loss in hospitalized schizophrenia obese patients to alleviate physical discomforts of schizophrenia patients.MethodsAfter one week of adaptation,female obese patients diagnosed with schizophrenia admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University were randomly assigned to the experimental group or the control group according to the enrollment serial number.The experimental group received CRD intervention,the control group consumed ordinary diet,other factors besides diet are consistent between the two groups,the two diets were uniformly provided by nutrition department of the hospital,the intervention time was one month;the parameters for this study were collected at the beginning and end of the intervention,including anthropometric indexes,body composition and laboratory indexes,the changes of the indexes of the two groups were compared by using t test to evaluate the intervention effect of the CRD.Further,the effects of age and course of mental illness on indexes of the two groups of patients were evaluated by means of Pearson correlation analysis,as well as the relationship between body weight changes and other indexes'were evaluated.Results1..A total of 95 patients were included in the study,47 and 48 in the experimental and control groups,respectively.Five subjects failed to follow the test plan and were not included in the result analysis.Three of them(2 in the test group and 1 in the control group)were discharged before the end of the trial,and the other 2of them(both in the control group)adjusted diet during trial.Both of the subjects who completed the intervention in the two groups were 45 patients.Average age was35.63±10.79 years,Average body mass index(BMI)was 31.40±2.44kg/m~2.The two groups were well-balanced.2.Comparing the differences between the experimental group and the control group,the results showed that the average weight of the subjects in the intervention group decreased by 2.38±1.30kg,which was 2.92%lower than that before the intervention,and the weight of the control group increased by 0.8±2.14kg,a 1.05%upper than that before the trial,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P=0.000).There were significant differences in BMI,waist circumference(WC),hip circumference(HC),upper arm circumference(UAC),fat mass(FM),fat percentage(FP),visceral fat level(VFL),visceral fat area(VFA),muscle mass(MM),and basal metabolism(BM)in two groups.3.The changes in body weight(r=-0.401,P=0.006),BMI(r=-0.395,P=0.007),waist circumference(r=-0.308,P=0.040),total cholesterol(TC)(r=-0.423,P=0.004)in the test group were negatively correlated with the age of the patients;and the course of mental illness was positively correlated with the changes in hip circumference(r=0.343,P=0.021)and D3-hydroxybutyrate(r=-0.445,P=0.002),inversely related to the change in systolic blood pressure(BP)(r=0.385,P=0.009).However,the control group did not find any correlation between the changes of indexes with the age and the course of mental illness of subjects.4.In the analysis of the relationship between changes in body weight and other indexes,it was found that except for the upper arm circumference and muscle mass,the changes in other anthropometric and body composition indexes were positively correlated with changes in body weight,but all changes in body measurements and body composition indexes were positively correlated with body weight in the control group.In addition,the test group also found that changes in total cholesterol(r=0.407,P=0.006)and triglycerides(TG)(r=0.426,P=0.004)were also positive correlation with body weight changes,while the control group did not observed.Conclusion1.This study found that CRD has significant weight-reducing effects in hospitalized obese female patients with schizophrenia,and is associated with a significant decrease in waist circumference,hip circumference,skinfold thickness,body fat content,muscle mass,and basal metabolism.2.This diet can improve the plasma total cholesterol,triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL)in the subjects,and reducing the systolic blood pressure;age is the influencing factor of dietary intervention,as the age increases,the effect of CRD on weight loss,BMI,waist circumference and total cholesterol is smaller.3.Finally,in addition to the upper arm circumference and muscle mass,the changes of other anthropometric and body composition indexes are positively correlated with changes in body weight.