Study On The Prevention And Improvement Of Osteoporosis In Mice And Rats By Fruit Products Of Chinese Dwarf Cherry

Cerasus humilis is a fruit tree of Cerasus genus in Rosaceae family,which is one of the medicinal and food homologous plants in China.The Fruit has bright color and unique flavor,and rich in organic acids,amino acids,vitamins,flavonoids,calcium and other minerals.It is a natural health fruit.In the experiment,the freeze-dried fruit powder and juice of Cerasus humilis were prepared.The physical,nutritional characteristics and antioxidant activity of the freeze-dried fruit powder were determined.The physiological and biochemical indexes of rats and mice were determined by feeding these products.To study the effect of improving osteoporosis,in order to provided a theoretical basis for tapping the potential value of Cerasus humilis and the development of new anti-osteoporosis functional food.The main results and conclusions are as follows:1.Comparison of the effects of conventional ground treatment and crushing treatment of Cerasus humilis ‘Nongda No.4' freeze-dried fruit powder on the physical properties,chemical composition and antioxidant activity.Compared with the conventional ground powder,bulk density and water holding capacity of the cell wall disruption powder were reduced,the water swelling capacity and water solubility index were increased,the dissolution degree of the active ingredient was increased significantly,and the antioxidant activity was enhanced significantly.In addition,the water holding capacity,bulk density,the content of total phenol,total flavonoids,anthocyanin and antioxidant activity of the cell wall disruption powder decreased with the decrease of particle size,the brightness value,water solubility index,water swelling capacity,the content of soluble sugar and titrable acid increased with the decrease of the particle size of the fruit powder.Using fresh fruit of ‘Nongda No.4' as material,the nutrient composition and antioxidant properties of the juice made by the juicer were lower than those of fresh fruit and fruit powder,but the three antioxidant trends were the same.The physical property of the whole cell wall disruption powder is better than that of the grinding powder,and the active ingredients and antioxidant ability are higher than that of the conventional grinding powder.With the decrease of the particle size of the cell wall disruption powder,the physical properties were improved effectively,the antioxidant substance decreased significantly,and the antioxidant activity decreased significantly.2.The fresh fruit of' Cerasus humilis ‘Nongda No.4' was used as raw material to make the juice.The changes of nutrient composition and antioxidant activity of fresh fruit and juice were compared.Thecontent of sugar,total phenols,total flavonoids and antioxidant capacity in fruit juice were significantly lower than those of fresh fruit,but the content of titratable acid was not significantly different from that of fresh fruit.Fruit juice has the strongest ability to scavenge ABTS free radicals,followed by ferrous reduction capacity,and the weakest ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals.This trend is the same as that of fresh fruit and freeze-dried powder.The nutrient composition and antioxidant properties of Cerasus humilis juice were lower than those of fresh fruit and fruit powder,but the three antioxidant activities have the same trend.3.Natural juice and 50% natural juice were made by Cerasus humilis juice and the feed containing no calcium,low calcium and high calcium was prepared as materials to fed female rats of 12 months old,to observe the improvement of osteoporosis in these rats.The results showed that there were no significant differences in cardiac,liver,spleen,lung and kidney index,femur physical index between the blank group(A),calcium carbonate positive control group(B),calcium citrate-malate positive control group(C),50%natural juice group(D),natural juice group(E),50% natural juice + low calcium group(F),natural juice +high calcium group(G).The serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP)content in E group was significantly higher than that in A group;the dry weight of femur in G group was higher than that in A group;The femoral ash weight in the group of E and G was higher than in A group,and the bone mineral density in E group were significantly higher than that in A group;and the calcium content of femoral in E group were significantly higher than that in A group.Cerasus humilis juice has no obvious side effects,the juice can significantly inhibit the reduction of femoral den sity,increase femoral calcium content,enhance the activity of serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP),thus it can prevented osteoporosis of the rats.4.Using freeze-dried fruit powder of Cerasus humilis as material to prepare the feed with no calcium low-calcium and high-calcium,to observe the improvement of osteoporosis in these mice.Seven treatments were set up in the experiment: sham operation group(A),calcium carbonate positive control group(B),ovariectomized control group(C),low-dose whole powder group(D),high-dose whole powder group(E),low-dose whole powder + low-content calcium(F),high-dose whole powder + high-content calcium(G).The results showed that the femoral dry weight and ash weight of mice in G group was significantly higher than that in C group;the bone mineral density of the whole powder group and the whole powder plus calcium group was higher than that in C group.The bone calcium content in G group was significantly higher than that in C group.Freeze-dried fruit powder of Cerasus humilis has no obvious side effects.Freeze-dried fruit powder of Cerasus humilis can significantly increase femoral density and calcium content of femur of ovariectomized mice,which has an positive effect on improving and preventing in ovariectomized mice.