Expression Of Periostin In Gingival Tissues Of Patients With Chronic Periodontitis And Its Clinical Significance

Background:Chronic periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease that causes inflammation and destruction of periodontal supporting tissues.In the tissue destruction of periodontitis,matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)is a family of proteolytic enzymes closely related to periodontal tissue destruction.Among them,matrix metalloproteinase-8(MMP-8)is an important collagenase involved in the degradation of extracellularmatrix(ECM).Tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase(TIMPs)is a tissue specific inhibitor of MMPs.Four types of TIMPs have been identified,that is,TIMP-1,TIMP-2,TIMP-3 and TIMP-4.Among them,tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2(TIMP-2)is a potent inhibitor of MMP-8.In the matrix extracellular of periodontal tissue,the balance between MMPs and TIMPs regulates matrix remodeling and periodontal tissue remodeling.In inflammatory response,MMPs are over-secreted,and decreased expression of TIMPs may enhance matrix protein hydrolysis.The imbalance between MMPs and TIMPs may be involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix,which further leads to the destruction of gingival connective tissue and the loss of alveolar bone.Periostin is a new type of extracellular matrix protein which plays a specific role in maintaining the stability and integrity of periodontal supporting tissues.It has been found that periostin may induce angiogenesis and MMPs in cardiovascular diseases,and it is suggested a hypothesis that the activation of MMPs at least partially affects the effect of periostin on cardiovascular diseases.The study showed that the distribution of periostin has a significantly correlation with the distribution of timp-2 in the gingival tissue of mice.TIMP-2 and periostin are co-distributed in the extracellular matrix of the gingival tissue or periodontal ligament in mice,and may regulate the remodeling of ECM.At present,there are few studies on periostin and periodontitis,and the study samples are mainly patients'saliva,serum or gingival crevicular fluid,but few studies take periodontal inflammation damaged tissues as samples.Therefore,in this experiment,gingival tissue of patients was taken as the sample to detect the expression of periostin in normal gingival tissue and inflammatory gingival tissue,so as to preliminarily explore the potential role and clinical significance of periostin in gingival tissue of patients with chronic periodontitis.Methods:23 cases of normal gingival tissue were collected as the control group and 19 cases of inflammatory gingival tissue as the observation group.The expressions of periostin,MMP-8 and TIMP-2 in gingival tissues of the control group and the observation group were detected by immunohistochemistry.SPSS21.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the experimental data.The expression of periostin,MMP-8 and TIMP-2 in the gingival tissues of the two groups were quantitatively analyzed by ImagePro Plus6.0 software,the measurement data are expressed as mean±standard deviation.(x±s),t-test was used for comparison between the two groups.The positive expression rates of periostin,MMP-8 and TIMP-2 in gingival tissue of the two groups were compared by x2 test.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the positive expression of periostin and MMP-8,periostin and TIMP-2,P<0.05 considered statistically significant.Results:1.The expression of periostin and TIMP-2 in the control group was higher than that in the observation group,and the expression of MMP-8 in the observation group was higher than that in the control group.2.Periostin and TIMP-2 showed a positive correlation in the control group(r=0.50,P<0.05)and the observation group(r=0.655,P<0.05).3.Periostin and MMP-8 showed a negative correlation in the control group(r=-0.51,P<0.05)and the observation group(r=-0.482,P<0.05).Conclusion:1.The expression of periostin in the control group was higher than that in the observation group,which was negatively correlated with MMP-8 and positively correlated with TIMP-2 in both two groups.These results suggest that periostin may play a major role in maintaining the structural stability and integrity of gingival tissue.2.The change of periostin may be a reference index for the degradation and destruction of gingival connective tissue,and may be a new biomarker for periodontal tissue regeneration.