Expression Of Eya4 Protein In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Different Degrees Of Differentiation And Its Expression Significance

The research background and significance:As a malignant tumor,Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)was more common in oral diseases and had a higher morbidity.Its pathogenesis involved irreversible changes in DNA sequences,including the activation of oncogenes and the silence of tumor suppressor genes which was caused by gene deletion,gene amplification and genetic mutations.At present,the treatment methods for OSCC mainly advocate comprehensive treatment methods including surgery,radiation therapy and chemotherapy.The relevant epidemiological study of OSCC found that the 5-year survival rate of patients with advanced OSCC was far below 50%,but surprisingly,the 5-year survival rate of patients with early OSCC was much higher than 70%.Therefore,OSCC early diagnosis was essential.In recent years,some scholars have shown that the hypermethylation of eya transcriptional coexisting phosphatase 4(eyes absent 4,eya4)gene was associated with the development of many malignant tumors.The eya gene family was named for its carboxy-terminal(C-terminal)conserved domain of 271 amino acid,and its protein structure includes a highly conserved carboxy terminus and a variable amino terminus.The highly conserved carboxy terminus played an important role in the eya family,one of which was that the carboxy terminus of the eya4 gene binds to Sixl.The current study found that abnormal expression of eya4 gene and protein existed in the development of various cancers such as lung cancer,colorectal cancer,and hepatocellular carcinoma.This phenomenon suggested that the eya4 gene may be important in some malignant tumors.However,it was regrettable that there were relatively few reports on the relationship between eya4 protein and OSCC malignant tumors.Therefore,this study examined the protein expression of eya4 in different degrees of differentiation of OSCC cancerous tissues and normal tissues,and explored its expression significance.Objective:To investigate whether the expression of eya4 protein in high,medium and low levels differentiation of OSCC and normal oral mucosa is significantly different,and whether the expression of eya4 protein and the OSCC with or without lymph node metastasis have obvious relationship.Then,the relationship between the expression of eya4 protein and the gender and age of OSCC patients was studied.The significance of this gene protein in the diagnosis and prevention of OSCC disease was evaluated at the molecular level.Methods:60 OSCC tissues were collected from the Stomatological Hospital of Jilin University between 2016 and 2017.According to the WHO pathological classification:20 cases of high,medium and low-differentiation OSCC respectively were used as case groups,and all patients did not receive chemotherapy,radiotherapy or other special treatment;20 normal oral mucosal tissues(NOM)were used as normal controls.The method of immunohistochemical staining(IHC)was used for comparative analysis to detect the expression of eya4 protein in different tissues.The experimental data were statistically analyzed by SPSS24.0 so.ftware,and the differences between the groups were compared by ?2 test.P<0.05 was used as the measure of statistical difference.Results:1.Eya4 protein was highly expressed in normal oral mucosa,but the expression level in OSCC tissues was lower than that in normal oral mucosa(P<0.05).2.The expression of eya4 protein decreased with the decrease of OSCC differentiation(P<0.05).3.The expression level of eya4 protein in OSCC tissues with lymph node metastasis was lower than that without lymph node metastasis(P<0.05).4.There was no significant correlation between the expression of eya4 protein and the gender and age of the patients(P>0.05).Conclusion:In this study,we compared the expression of eya4 protein in normal oral mucosa and OSCC tissues with different degrees of differentiation.The study found that the expression of eya4 was associated with the pathogenesis of OSCC.As the degree of malignancy of OSCC increased,the expression of eya4 was significantly reduced,and the protein expression in cancer tissues with lymph node metastasis was lower than that in non-metastatic patients.This result suggested that eya4 may be involved in the development and transfer process of OSCC and it could provide a new idea for the early diagnosis of OSCC and precision treatment.