Clinical Characteristics And Tumor Markers Detection Of Patients With Advanced Squamous Cell Lung Cancer

Background and Objective Due to the silent morbidity of squamous cell lung cancer(SQCLC)and lack of significant symptoms early,patients was diagnosed with last stage SQCLC.The study aims to describe the characteristics of patients,to analyze and evaluate the clinical value of multiple tumor makers detection levels and sensitivity for helping the clinicians to choose good tumor markers with high sensitivity.Methods The demographic characteristics(including age,sex,native place and career)and clinical disease-related characteristics(including pathogenic sites,the degree of tumor differentiation,initial symptoms,clinical stages,Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)score,first-line treatment types,detection levels and sensitivity of tumor markers)of all patients with advanced squamous cell lung cancer treated in Beijing Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences during Jan.2011 to Dec.2015 were identified by cases reviewing and data extracting.The characteristics,detection levels and sensitivity of multiple tumor makers among patients were described.The difference of detection levels and sensitivity of multiple tumor makers were compared among different clinical stages,different pathogenic degrees and different metastasis sites of patients.Results 260 patients were treated with mean age of 59.4 ± 9.2 years,85.8%(n=223)of them were male,14.2%(n=37)of them were female.78.1%(n=203)of all were smokers and 3.1%(n=8)of patients had family history of tumor.All the detection values of cancer antigen(CA125),incineration 19 fragment(CYFRA21-1),neuron specific enolase(NSE),squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCC),carcinogen-embryonic antigen(CEA)and progastrin-releasing peptide(ProGRP)were skewed distribution.The positive rate of CYFRA21-1 was 71.2%,which was the highest among six tumor markers.The five tumor markers median level had no statistical significance between different tumor(T)stages and node(N)stages(all p>0.05),only the positive rate of SCC had statistical significance between different T stages(p=0.035).The positive rate of CA125 had statistical significance between male and female,among different ages and different pathologic grades(all p<0.05).The sensitivity of CEA also had statistical significance between male and female,smokers and non-smokers,among different ages and different pathologic grades(all p<0.05).When combining one more tumor markers together,the combination measurement of CYFRA21-1 + CEA,CYFRA21-1 + CEA + CA125,CA125 + CYFRA21-1 + CEA + NSE,and CA125 + CYFRA21-1 + NSE + CEA + SCC were better and had higher clinical values,their positive rates were 82.7%,84.6%,85.0%and 86.2%,respectively.Conclusions The positive rate of CYFRA21-1 was the highest and the sensitivity of single test of five tumor markers was low,the combination of multiple tumor markers increased the sensitivity of diagnosis of SQCLC,considering the higher probability of false positive will be experienced and more cost will be paid for if more tumor makers combined together,so the combination of CA125,CYFRA21-1 and CEA was recommended to be the best choice.