Protective Effects Of Taurine On Injury Of Hippocampus Neural Stem Cells In Rats Induced By Glutamate

Depression,which is characterized by low mood,loneliness,high incidence and long duration,has become the primary cause of disability and it is expected to be the largest contributor to global total disease burden.According to reports,hippocampus participates in the formation of emotion,cognition,learning and memory,the injury of which is closely related to the development of depression.Our previous research has proved that taurine can alleviate depression induced by chronic mild unpredictable stress(CUM)in rats,decreased the level of glutamate in hippocampus,but the exact mechanism needs to be further studied.In this experiment,glutamate induced hippocampal neural stem cells(NSCs)injury model has established and taurine was administered to investigate the protective effect and mechanisms on glutamate-induced NSCs injury.Primary rat hippocampal NSCs was cultured from fetal rat born within 24 h,immunofluorescence staining of Nestin was used to identify NSCs,the second generation of cells were used in the experiment.The cells divided into four groups: normal control group(Control);taurine control group(Tau);glutamate damage group(Glu);taurine preventive group(Tau+Glu).Cell viability was detected by CCK-8.Immunofluorescence staining of BrdU,?-TubulinIII and GFAP were detected to investigated cell proliferation and differentiation.Concentration of MDA and vitality of SOD were detected by TBA and WST-1 method.Cell apoptosis was assayed by AO/EB staining.Expression of key proteins on BDNF/ERK/CREB pathway were detected by western-blot.The results showed that the cell viability,the positive rate of BrdU,?-Tubulin III and GFAP,the vitality of SOD,and the expression of BDNF,TrkB,p-ERK1/2,ERK1/2,p-CREB and CREB protein were significantly lower than those of the Control group(p<0.05 or p<0.01),while MDA concentration and cell apoptosis rate were significantly higher(p<0.05 or p<0.01).Compared with Glu group,the NSCs viability,the positive rate of BrdU,?-Tubulin III and GFAP,the vitality of SOD,the expression of BDNF,TrkB,p-ERK1/2,ERK1/2,CREB and p-CREB were significantly higher in taurine preventive group(p<0.05 or p<0.01),whereas the concent of MDA and cell apoptosis were obviously decreased(p<0.05 or p<0.01).After adding U0126,the positive rate of BrdU and the protein expression of p-CREB of glutamate group and taurine preventive group were dramatically decreased(p<0.05 or p<0.01).The results indicated that taurine can increase cell viability by improving anti-oxidative ability of NSCs injuryed by glutamate,and can also promote the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs by upregulation of BDNF/ERK/CREB pathways.