The Composition Of Microbiota About Esophageal Mucosa In The Crowd Of Early Esophageal Cancer

Aims: The aims of the work are to investigate the composition of microbiota about esophageal mucosa in the crowd of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(EESCC)using high-throughput sequencing technique.Methods: A prospective randomized controlled study was carried out between June 2017 and December 2017.The specimens of esophageal mucosa were collected from healthy controls(n=15)and early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients(n=15),who met the inclusion criteria.The data were then processed using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics.Results: Thirty subjects were enrolled in the study,including 15 healthy controls and 15 patients with EESCC confirmed by surgical pathology.Sequencing depth of 2 healthy controls did not meet the requirements for bioinformatics analysis thus they were excluded.We found that the average number of operable taxonomic units outs in the EESCC group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group(1241.0 �445.7 vs 885.2 �212.9,P=0.014).At the phylum level,the relative abundance of Euryarchaeota phylum,Kazan-3B-28 phylum in EESCC group was higher than that in the healthy control group(P< 0.05),and the relative abundance of Fimicutes phylum significantly lower in early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma group(P< 0.05).By analyzing the two groups at genera level,the Akkermansia,Comamonas,Stenotrophomonas,Odoribacter,and Enterobacter were significantly higher(P< 0.05),while the Prevotella,Rothia,Veillonella,Streptococcus,Ochrobactrum,Megasphaera,Enterococcus,Thermicanus,and Bifidobacterium were significantly lower in EESCC group compared to the healthy control group(P < 0.05).The results of principal component analysis,principal coordinates analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling showed that there was a significant difference in the diversity of microbiota between early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients and healthy controls.LDA effect size analysis suggested that,compared with the healthy control group,the main characteristic bacteria in EESCC group were Comamonas and Enterobacter.Conclusion: In EESCC patients,the main characteristic bacteria were Comamonas and Enterobacter.The species diversity of the esophageal mucosal microbial flora was higher in EESCC patients than in healthy subjects,and the composition of the microbiota was significantly different between patients and healthy controls.The results suggest that the changes of esophageal mucosal microbiota may be related to the occurrence of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.