The Influence Of Iron On Human Endometrial Receptivity And Decidualization

After embryo implantation in rodents and mammals,endometrial stromal cells undergo proliferation and differentiation since the embryos invade the endometrial stromal cells,which is called decidualization.Decidualization of endometrial stromal cells plays a crucial role in blastocyst implantation,the formation of p lacenta and maintaining pregnancy.If some mistakes occur in this progress,it will lead to embryonic death and early pregnancy failure.But the mechanism underlying decidualization is still unclear.Iron is a trace metal required by living organisms.Both overload and deficiency of iron can lead to pregnancy failure.Iron-deficiency anemia is associated with low birth weight and premature birth.But the influence of iron on endometrial receptivity and decidualization is still unknown.To examine effects o f iron on human endometrial decidualization,the endometrial stromal cells was induced for in vitro decidualization with db-cAMP and MPA for 6days.Under in vitro decidualization,stromal cells we treated with FAC,FeSO ₄ and DFO,respectively.The Real-time PC R results showed that the high concentration of FAC had positive effects on decidualization,and FeSO₄ or DFO had negative effects on decidualization.To identity the effects of iron for human endometrial receptivity,we treated AN3-CA cells with FAC,FeSO₄ and DFO,respectively.The results showed that the expression of human endometrial receptivity-related genes was increased by FAC and DFO,suggesting that FAC and DFO may promote human endometrial receptivity,and FeSO₄ may restrain human endometrial receptivity.To observe the change of iron metabolism under decidualization,Real-time PCR was used to examine the expression of iron metabolism-related genes,including FTL,HO-1,STEAP3,TRF,DMT1 and Fpn.When human stromal cells were treated with FeSO₄ during decidualization,the mRN A expressions of FTL and DMT1 were increased dramatically and Fpn were decreased remarkably.When human stromal cells were treated with FAC during decidualization,the mRNA expression of TRF was upregulated.The mRNA expression of these genes under in vitro decidualization was similar to that under normal condition.To examine effects of FAC on embryos attachment,spheroid attachment experiment was used to imitate this process.The result showed that spheroid attachment was significantly increased with the increase of FAC concentration,implying that FAC supplement may be beneficial for endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation.