| Objective: Mental retardation was the major hazard of lead exposure in children.And there was a lack of researches on the burden of mental retardation caused by different sources lead exposure.Our study evaluated the disease burden of Mild Mental Retardation(MMR)from dietary source of lead exposure among 0-6 year-old children in China,and aimed to provide evidence for evaluating the MMR burden in children caused by dietary lead exposure in China.Methods: Using the World Health Organization recommended methods on evaluating the burden of lead-induced disease,we evaluated the blood lead level distribution of children under six in China,then estimated the incidence of MMR among different age period based on a function model of blood lead level and mental retardation.Considering that unleaded gasoline was used since 2000,we took that year as time dividing point and estimated the age-specific incidence of MMR before and after 2000.Disability-Adjusted Life Year(DALY)was the indicator to evaluate MMR burden of lead exposure among children under six before and after 2000.The contribution rate of dietary lead exposure to blood lead level was assessed by localized Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic model(IEUBK).Finally,based on the results of contribution rates,we had an attribution assessment on MMR burden from dietary source lead exposure among 0-6 year-old children.Results:1.Children's blood lead levels among 0-6 year-old children increased with the age increasing.The level of one-year-old group was the lowest,6.29?g/dL,while the level of six-year-old group was the highest,9.16?g/dL(F=295.63,P<0.001).When using leaded gasoline,the level of zero-year-old group was the lowest,5.50 ?g/dL,the level of six-year-old group was the highest,12.36?g/dL(F=801.96,P<0.001).After using unleaded gasoline in China,the level of one-year-old group was 6.19?g/dL,and the level of six-year-old group was 9.14?g/dL(F=341.77,P<0.001).2.The risk of MMR among children increased with the age increasing,and the rate of one-year-old group was the lowest,3.74/1000 people,while the risk of six-year-old group was the highest,13.62/1000 people.When using leaded gasoline,the risk of one-year-old group was 7.37/1000 people,and the rate of six-year-old group was 31.15/1000 people.After using unleaded gasoline in China,the risk of one-year-old group was 3.47/1000 people,and the rate of six-year-old group was 13.54/1000 people.3.Children's age-specific DALYs loss were between 40.0-143.1 person-years /1000 people.The loss of one-year-old group was the least,40.0 person-years /1000 people,and the loss of six-year-old group was 143.1 person-years /1000 people,which was the highest.When using leaded gasoline,children's age-specific DALYs were between 79.0 to 327.3 person-years/1000 people.After using unleaded gasoline in China,children's age-specific DALYs were between 37.2 to 142.2 person-years/ 1000 people.4.By localizing the parameters of IEUBK model,we evaluated the contribution rates of dietary source lead exposure among 0-6 year-old children were 92.94%,92.94%,95.07%,93.54%,94.26%,94.97% and 94.10%,respectively.5.The burden of disease of MMR from dietary source lead exposure on children aged 0-6 years was 67.95 person-years /1000 people.When using leaded gasoline,the burden of disease of MMR from dietary source lead exposure among 0-6 year-old children was 130.44 person-years /1000 people.After unleaded gasoline using widely,the total burden loss of disease of MMR from dietary source lead exposure among 0-6 year-old children was 65.20 person-years/1000 people,decreasing 65.24 person-years /1000 people,and the decrease range was 50.02%.Conclusions: Lead exposure from dietary route was the main source of the burden of disease of MMR among 0-6 year-old children in China.We should take preventive action to decrease the possibility of damaging children's health and society disease burden caused by dietary source lead exposure. |
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