| BackgroundBreast cancer is the most common malignancy in women,accounting for 25% of female cancers.It has extremely high morbidity and mortality,which is the leading cause of death among women in the world.And along with the adverse effects of genetic or environmental and other related factors,its morbidity and mortality gradually increase,causing serious economic burden on the people and society.In recent years,some bio-markers have been discovered and have been used clinically as a basis for breast cancer molecular typing.A large number of studies have shown that the level of D-dimer in patients with malignant tumors,including prostate cancer,colorectal cancer,lung cancer and other expression was significantly increased,and closely related to the occurrence and development of malignant tumors.There is a certain correlation between the level of D-dimer and the occurrence and development of breast cancer,but there is still a lack of data to further verify.ObjectiveThis study was to investigate the correlation between plasma D-dimer and clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients and to elucidate the clinical value of plasma D-dimer in breast cancer patients.Methods(1)Collect samples: 98 breast cancer patients' plasma samples from the Second People's Hospital of Changzhou,Nanjing Medical University were collected,and they were immediately frozen at-80°C ultra-low temperature refrigerator to spare.All subjects were informed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Changzhou Second People's Hospital.(2)Detection of D-dimer: CA1500 automatic blood coagulation analyzer from Japan SYSMEX is used to measure D-dimer levels with immunonephelometry.(3)To analyze the relationship between plasma D-dimer levels and clinicopathological characteristics: to compare plasma D-dimer levels between breast cancer patients and healthy controls.Meanwhile,to further explore the correlation between D-dimer and clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer patients.We analyzed the changes of plasma D-dimer levels in breast cancer patients with metastatic and non metastatic ?breast cancer patients in different stages,breast cancer patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER-2)negative and positive and breast cancer patients with P53 negative and positive.(4)Analysis of plasma D-dimer levels correlated with the prognosis of patients with breast cancer: The relationship between plasma D-dimer and prognosis of breast cancer patients was discussed by comparing the level of D-dimer in patients with mortality.(5)Statistical analysis: D-dimer levels were expressed as median values.SPSS17.0 statistical analysis software was used for data analysis.P<0.05 was statistically significant.Results(1)Plasma D-dimer levels in breast cancer patients and healthy controls were 0.892(0.199-2.635)mg/L and 0.421(0.211-1.598)mg/L,respectively,and the value of D-dimer in breast cancer patients was significantly higher than that in healthy control group,and the difference was statistically significant.(p<0.01).(2)Plasma D-dimer levels in metastatic and non-metastasis breast cancer patients were 0.996(0.199-2.635)mg/L and 0.675(0.234-1.631)mg/L,respectively.The level of D-dimer in metastatic patients was significantly higher than that in patients without metastasis,the difference was statistically significant(p<0.01);D-dimer levels in patients with stage I,II,III,and IV breast cancer were 0.582(0.249-1.345)mg/L,0.698(0.199-1.631),respectively.)mg/L,0.992(0.289-2.392)mg/L,and 0.992 1.143(0.325-2.635)mg/L,and it was then found that the D-dimer level gradually increased with the stage increase,and in Phase I and Phase II,there was no significant difference between the two groups(p>0.05).There was no significant difference between stage III and stage IV.However,there was significant difference between stage I and stage II and stage III and IV(P<0.01).There is a correlation between plasma D-dimer levels and tumor stage.(3)Plasma D-dimer levels in HER-2 negative and HER-2 positive breast cancer patients were 0.931(0.345-2.635)mg/L and 0.783(0.199-2.093)mg/L,respectively,and the plasma d-dimer level of HER-2 negative patients was significantly higher than that of HER-2 positive patients,and the difference was statistically significant(p=0.013);p53 negative breast cancer patients' plasma D-dimer levels were 0.798(0.199-2.142)mg/L,which has no significantly difference than those with p53 positive breast cancer with 0.931(0.252-2.635)mg/L of Plasma D-dimer levels(P<0.05).(4)The D-dimer levels of breast cancer patients in the survival and death groups within 5 years were 0.946(0.299-2.095)mg/L mg/L and 0.987(0.289-1.925)mg/L,respectively,and there is no statistical difference between the two groups(P>0.05).ConclusionIn this study,plasma levels of D-dimer in breast cancer patients were detected by immunoturbidimetric assay and found to be significantly higher than those in healthy controls.Further analysis revealed that D-dimer levels were associated with metastases or different stages of breast cancer patients,and there were significant differences in patients with positive and negative HER-2 and p53 expression.The results suggest that D-dimer and breast cancer pathology may have an important link.In addition,the results of this study show that plasma D-dimer has no significant correlation with survival and death in the prognosis of breast cancer.In summary,there is a clear correlation between the clinicopathological features of D-dimer breast cancer,but there is no significant correlation with the prognosis outcome,which provides an effective theory for the application of breast cancer disease monitoring and prognosis judgment. |
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