Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms And The Risk Of Malignant Melanoma:a Meta-analysis

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine whether vitamin D receptor(VDR)gene polymorphisms(EcoRV,Bsm?,Fok?,Apa?,Cdx-2,Taq?)are associated with susceptibility to malignant melanoma(MM).MethodsA meta-analysis of original case-control studies analyzing the association between VDR polymorphisms and MM risk was carried out by searching the Pubmed,Embase,Chinese academic journal full-text database,Wanfang science and Technology Journal Full-text Database,Chongqing VIP scientific journal full text database.Original studies and review articles that were published before February 2018 were sought.Two investigators independently screened out the articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.The quality of the included papers was evaluated by NOS scale,and the related data were extracted.Meta-analysis was conducted by stata11.0.ResultsThe literature comes from six countries: the United States,Britain,Italy,Spain,Poland and Serbia.The study types were all case-control studies,and the research objects were all European Caucasus(white race).Six literatures were hospital based case-control study,while another six literatures are population based case-control study.A total of 9 studies in 8 articles were conducted to study the relationship between EcoRV gene polymorphisms and MM incidence.There were 3864 cases and 2976 controls.The results showed that there was no significant difference in allele distribution between A and G(OR=0.99,95%CI:0.92~1.06),which presents that there was no association between EcoRV VDR polymorphisms and MM.A total of 7 studies in 6 articles were conducted to study the relationship between Bsm ? gene polymorphisms and MM susceptibility.There were 3324 cases and 3622 controls.The results showed a significant correlation between Bsm I B allele with malignant melanoma(OR=1.11 95%CI:1.03~1.19).Under the recessive gene model(bb vs Bb+BB),the risk of MM in the bb genotype carriers is 1.18 times as high as that of the non bb genotype carriers(OR=1.18 95%CI:1.06~1.30).A total of 11 studies in 10 articles were conducted to evaluate the relationship between Fok ? gene polymorphisms and the incidence of MM.There were 4522 cases and 4414 controls.The results showed that there was no significant difference in allele distribution between f and F(OR=1.02,95%CI:0.89~1.17),which presents that there was no association between Fok?VDR polymorphisms and MM.Under the superdominant gene model(FF+ff vs Ff gene type),the risk of MM in the Ff genotype carriers is 0.1 times higher than that of the FF+ff genotype carriers(OR=0.9 95%CI:0.82~0.98).A total of 8 studies in seven articles were conducted to study the relationship between Taq ? polymorphisms and MM incidence.There were 4051 cases and 3319 controls.The results showed that there was no significant difference in allele distribution between t and T(OR=1.01 95%CI:0.89~1.16),which presents that there was no association between Taq? VDR polymorphisms and MM.A total of 3 studies in two article,were conducted to study the relationship between Cdx-2 gene polymorphisms and MM incidence,there were 1532 cases and 1815 controls.The results of the fixed effect model analysis showed that there was no significant difference in allele distribution between the A and G(OR=0.97 95%CI:0.85~1.11),which presents that there was no association between Cdx-2 VDR polymorphisms and MM.A total of 3 studies in two articles were conducted to study the relationship between the Apa ? gene polymorphisms and the incidence of MM,there were 1444 cases and 1084 controls.The results of the fixed effect model analysis showed that there was no significant difference in allele distribution between the two groups(OR=1.05 95%CI:0.94~1.19),which presents that there was no association between Apa?VDR polymorphisms and MM.ConclusionThis meta-analysis showed that the polymorphism of vitamin D receptor gene Bsm?was significantly correlated with the incidence of malignant melanoma.B allele and BB genotype were one of the reasons for the increased risk of melanoma.There was no significant difference in the distribution of F and F of the allele of Fok?,but the homozygote genotypes could reduce the risk of MM by 10%.The other four vitamin D receptor genes,EcoRV,Taq?,Apa?,and Cdx-2 polymorphisms,have no significant correlation with the incidence of malignant melanoma.The subgroup analysis showed that the area of the study may be one of the reasons for the incidence of MM.