Expression Of PFTK1 And EZH2 In Breast Cancer And Its Clinical Significance

BackgroundsDeath caused by malignant tumors is the main cause of death in today's society.Among them,breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among female patients.It ranks second in the category of cancer that causes female deaths and seriously jeopardizes the health of women.In recent years,the incidence of breast cancer has become more and more severe.However,there are still many deficiencies in understanding the mechanisms of breast cancer development,recurrence,and metastasis.There is still a long way to go for breast cancer research.Middle-aged women with high risk of breast cancer in their physical,psychological,and living environments are more likely to develop breast cancer.The high-risk factors of breast cancer refer to some risk factors that may be owned by breast cancer in most breast cancer patients.Including age,gender,family history of breast cancer,genetic factors,race,history of benign breast disease,and hormones and menstrual history and other factors.Among them,genetic factors are the most indispensable factors in the high-risk factors of breast cancer.With the development of genomics in breast cancer,we urgently need more new tumor markers to help us find precancerous lesions,identify early breast cancer,assess the prognosis of patients and perform targeted targeted therapies.In a variety of common laboratory studies,we have used many methods to detect the expression of some genes in malignant tumors and found their expression patterns so that the gene and malignancy can be further explored about the various interactions with development,proliferation,invasion and metastasis and poor prognosis.It can further study whether there is a correlation between the gene and other malignant tumor-related genes and their interaction mechanisms,providing more powerful theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of human malignant tumors.Mammary gland cancers present a high degree of heterogeneity on the molecular level.At present,scholars at home and abroad use various molecular diagnostic techniques to conduct various studies on breast cancer at the molecular level.One of the most common techniques is the detection of estrogen receptor(ER)protein,progesterone receptor(PR)protein,and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER-2)protein and Ki-67 protein expression differences in breast cancer using immunohistochemical staining.With this,breast cancer is divided into four molecular types,namely lumen A,lumen B,HER-2,and triple negative.At the time of the initial diagnosis,the pathological type,clinical stage,histological grade,and various molecular characteristics of breast cancer patients can be clearly identified.This is of crucial importance for the development of the best medical plan for breast cancer patients and accurate judgment of the prognosis.Among them,molecular typing is a key indicator for clinicians to judge the invasiveness of breast cancer.Finding new genes that are related to breast cancer has become an important direction in breast cancer research.PFTK1,also known as cyclin-dependent kinase 14(CDK14),is an important family member of the cyclin-dependent kinase(CDK)and has an important role in regulating the cell cycle.The new study found that PFTK1 may be an important tumor-associated protein involved in the occurrence and development,proliferation and invasion metastasis of a variety of malignancies,may become a new type of important indicators for the prognosis of breast cancer,and breast cancer targeted therapy.EZH2,also known as histone methyltransferase,is a homolog of the Drosophila zeste gene enhancer [E(z)] and is an important tool for histone methylation.It is a core family member of the Poly comb Group(PcG)of the comb gene family.EZH2 can mediate certain gene silencing related to cancer from the perspective of epigenetics,and has important value in the process of the production and proliferation of malignant cells.At present,the positive expression of EZH2 protein is found in a variety of malignant tumor cells,especially in breast cancer cells,and this is closely related to the production and proliferation of these malignant tumor cells.In this study,the expression of PFTK1,EZH2,ER,and PR proteins in breast cancer tissues and normal breast tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry SP method.The expression patterns of PFTK1 and EZH2 proteins in breast cancer tissues,and the relationship between the expression of PFTK1 and EZH2 and the patient's age and clinical and pathological features,as well as its value in the production and proliferation of breast cancer cells were also studied.ObjectiveTo detect the expression of PFTK1 and EZH2 in human breast cancer tissues and normal breast tissues and analyze their expression patterns,discuss whether they are related to each other,and the relationship between PFTK1 and EZH2 and the production and proliferation of breast cancer cells,and relevant clinicopathological parameters,theymey provide a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of human breast cancer.MethodsFifty cases of untreated breast cancer patients who were diagnosed and treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from September 2014 to June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed for their clinicopathological data.All enrolled patients were women aged 24-67 years.The median age was 47 years,including 49 invasive nonspecific cancers and 1 intraductal papillary carcinoma with infiltration.We obtained two breast cancer tissues and two normal breast tissues from each patient.The expression of PFTK1 and EZH2 in the two tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry SP method.To investigate the abnormal expression pattern of PFTK1 and EZH2 in breast cancer tissues,their correlations,and their relationship with clinical pathological parameters,the clinical and pathological data of each patient were collected comprehensively,and further statistical analysis was performed.Results1.The positive expression rate of PFTK1 in breast cancer tissues was 56.0%(28/50).The positive expression rate of PFTK1 in normal breast tissues was 32.0%(16/50).The positive expression rate of PFTK1 protein in breast cancer tissues was higher than that in the control group.Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).The percentage of positive expression of EZH2 protein in breast cancer tissues was 60.0%(30/50).The positive expression rate of EZH2 protein in normal breast tissues was 22.0%(11/50).The positive expression of EZH2 in breast cancer tissues was positive.The percentage was higher than that of the control group.Statistical analysis showed that the difference between the two groups was significant(P<0.05).2.The lymph node metastasis rate in breast cancer patients with PFTK1 positive expression group was 57.1%(16/28)was significantly higher than that in patients with negative PFTK1 expression group was 22.7%(5/22).Statistical analysis showed that there were differences between the two groups.Significance(P=0.014).The lymph node metastasis rate in EZH2 positive expression group was 66.7%(20/30)was significantly higher than that in EZH2 negative expression group(5%)(1/20).Statistical analysis showed that the difference between the two groups was significant(P=0.000).3.Patients with a positive PFTK1 expression group had a higher clinical stage(stage II/III)with a ratio of 78.6%(22/28)significantly higher than patients with a negative PFTK1 expression group with a higher clinical stage(stage II/III)40.9 %(9/22),statistical analysis showed that the difference between the two groups was significant(P=0.006).Patients with EZH2 positive expression group had a higher clinical stage(stage II/III)with a ratio of 76.7%(23/30)significantly higher than patients with EZH2 negative expression group had a higher clinical stage(stage II/III)40 %(8/20),statistical analysis revealed that the difference between the two groups was significant(P=0.009).4.Patients with a positive PFTK1 expression group had a higher pathological grade(grade II/III)at a rate of 96.4%(27/28).Patients with a significantly higher PFTK1 negative expression group had a higher pathological grade(grade II/III).68.2 %(15/22),statistical analysis showed that the difference between the two groups was significant(P=0.021).5.The positive rate of Ki-67 expression in patients with positive expression of PFTK1 was 96.4%(27/28),which was significantly higher than that of positive expression of Ki-67 in patients with negative expression of PFTK1(40.9%,9/22).Statistical analysis showed that the difference between them was significant(P=0.000).The positive expression rate of Ki-67 in the EZH2-positive expression group was 83.3%(25/30),which was significantly higher than that in the EZH2 negative expression group(55.0%,11/20).The statistical analysis showed that there was a statistical analysis between the two groups.There is a significant difference(P=0.029).6.There was a positive correlation between the expression levels of EZH2 and PFTK1 in breast cancer tissues(r=0.345,P=0.014).The two may interact and play an important role in the formation and progression of breast cancer.7.The positive expression of PFTK1 and EZH2 in breast cancer was not related to age,menopausal status,tumor size,ER expression,PR expression,HER-2 expression and P53 expression(all P>0.05).The positive expression in breast cancer tissues was not related to the pathological grade of patients(P>0.05).ConclusionThe positive expression rates of EZH2 and PFTK1 in breast cancer tissues were higher than those in normal breast tissues.There was a positive correlation between the positive expression of EZH2 and PFTK1 in breast cancer tissues,which may act jointly in the occurrence and development of breast cancer and infiltration and metastasis.Detection of PFTK1 and EZH2 expression status can be used as an important indicator of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment and prognosis.