The Carrier Rate Investigation Of Thalassemia In 11 Ethnic Minority And Several Cities In Yunnan Province

Objective:To learn about the positive rate of gene of thalassemia and differences in different ethnic minorities and regions of Yunnan province.Based on the test results,selecting several ethnic minority groups test the main nosogenic gene of thalassemia and conjecture the prevalence rate and the main nosogenic gene in these ethnic minority groups.Exploreing the prevention and control strategy for Yunnan minority areas of Mediterranean anemia.Method:We analyzed the results of blood screening,including CBC and HE,which came from difference regions of Yunnan province in the year of 2014 and knew about the prevalence rate of thalassemia in different cities roughly.Based on the results of research,we selected several cities where there are lots of minorities live in.And we collected the blood of childbearing-aged people and do analysis.Screening the a-thalassemia,?-thalassemia and other hemoglobinopathises.To diagnose the thalassemia,we used the genetic diagnosis.Mathematical statistics analysis were conducted with the SPSS 19.0 software.The modified Hardy-Weinberg formulal,the independent samples t-test and Pearson ?2 test were used to analyse the result of thalassemia.Results:We screened out suspected specimens of 958 cases of thalassemia,including 34 cases of hemoglobinopathises.the positive proportion of screening was 22.71%.The population who lives near the topic of cancer or south of the topic of cancer had a high prevalence rate of thalassemia.Hematology screening combined with gene diagnosis were used to test the 428 cases who may carry the gene of thalassemia.Finally,we discovered 118 cases of a-thalassemia(27.57%),71 case of ?-thalassemia and 15 cases of a-thalassemia compounded ?-thalassemia.We found 224 cases of allele of thalassemia,including 138 cases of allele of a-thalassemia(3.27%)and 86 cases of allele of ?-thalassemia(2.03%).The mutation map of a-thalassemia was—SEA,-?3.7 and-?Cs.The mutation map of ?-thalassemia was CD41-42,CD26 and CD 17.Among ethnic minorities,the Dai people had a highest morbidity rate of the alleles of thalassemia(25.94%).The next ethnic was the Zhuang people(17.23%)and the Hani people(5.16%).The Han-Chinese,Bai people and Yi people had a lower prevalence rate compared with the previous two ethnic minority groups.Conclusion:The thalassemia had a high morbidity in Yunnan province.The screening positive rate of Han-Chinese 15.81%(340/2150),ethnic minority groups 29.88%(618/2068).We discover 224 cases allele of thalassemia and a-thalassemia had a higher carrying rate than ?-thalassemia in the sampling area.The border areas had a higher positive rate of screening and carrying rate of the allele of thalassemia compared wih the central areas in Yunnan province.Prevention and control policies can be tilted to the border area.The spectrum of thalassemia mutation of Yunnan province had its unique characteristics and showed diversity among different ethnic groups.The loose index of screening may cause the exorbitant false positive rate.We should consider combining CBC with HE for the index of screening,with iron index as auxiliary.We could implement loose index where the Dai people or Zhuang people live together and implement strict index where the Han-Chinese,Bai people or Yi people live together.