Influencing Factors And Depressive Symptoms Among Guangdong Residents:a Zero-inflate Negative Binary Model

ObjectiveThis study aimed to know the prevalence of depressive symptoms and the situation of physical activity(PA),sedentary behavior(SB),diet and second-hand smoke(SHS)exposure,and also examined the association between PA,SB,diet and SHS exposure and depressive symptoms(both for cognitive-affect and somatic symptoms)among residents in Guangdong province.These findings will offer the evidences for reducing the prevalence of depressive symptoms and burden of psychological diseases and promote the physical and psychological healthy among residents.MethodA cross-sectional study with lived ?6 months and aged ?18 years was conducted by face-to-face questionnaire survey in six surveillance city of Guangdong province.The contents of questionnaire covered the demographics characteristics,history of disease,PA,SB,diet,SHS exposure and depressive symptoms.The depressive symptoms were assessed by the depressive symptoms screening scale(PHQ-9)and classified two dimensions into cognitive-affect and somatic symptoms.We used depressive symptoms as a dependent variable and applied univariable and multivariable zero-inflate negative Poisson regression(ZINB)models between influencing factors and depressive symptoms(both for cognitive-affect and somatic symptoms).Results1.Characteristics of the sample A total of 3600 residents were analyzed in this household survey,of which the recovery rate was 99.8%(3591/3600).The average of depressive symptoms,cognitive-affective symptoms and somatic symptoms were 1.07±2.06,0.58±1.32,0.49±0.94.2.The association between PA and depressive symptoms Residents with medium levels of occupational PA,medium levels of leisure PA and high levels of leisure PA can reduce the risk of depressive symptoms.These similar associations also revealed about the analysis for dimension of depressive symptoms.The results suggested that medium levels of occupational PA,medium levels of leisure PA and high levels of leisure PA were the protective factors of depressive symptoms.3.The association between SB and depressive symptoms Residents with playing games can increase the risk of depressive symptoms,while watching TV can reduce the risk of depressive symptoms.The time of sleep and watch TV were also significantly associatied with depressive symptoms in a dose-response relationships.These similar associations also revealed about the analysis for dimension of depressive symptoms.The results suggested that playing games and sleeping were the risk factors of depressive symptoms,and watching TV was the protective factor of depressive symptoms.4.The association between diet and depressive symptoms Residents with intake grains,fried food,pickles,kimchi,fermerted bean curd,carbonate beverages and over-salt can increase the risk of depressive symptoms,while intake fresh fruits and livestock meat can reduce the risk of depressive symptoms.These similar associations also revealed about the analysis for dimension of depressive symptoms.The results suggested that intake grains,fried food,pickles,kimchi,fermerted bean curd,carbonate beverages and over-salt were the risk factors of depressive symptoms,and intake fresh fruits and livestock meat was the protective factor of depressive symptoms.5.The association between SHS exposure and depressive symptoms Compared with no SHS exposure,residents with SHS exposure revealed significantly associated with depressive symptoms.Residents with higher frequency of SHS exposure weekly can increased the risk of depressive symptoms.When differentiating the source of SHS exposure,SHS exposure in medical facilities and SHS exposure in schools increased the risk of depressive symptoms.These similar associations also revealed about the analysis for dimension of depressive symptoms.The results suggested that SHS exposure was the risk factor of depressive symptoms,and the dose-response relationship also found between SHS exposure and depressive symptoms.ConclusionIn order to prevent and reduce the depressive symptoms and the happen of depression,we should have appropriate PA(especially for the medium levels of occupational PA,medium/high of leisure PA)and SB(such as appropriately watching TV and time of sleeping,less playing games),take a healthy diet(such as high-intake fresh fruits and livestock meat,low-intake grains,fried food,pickles,kimchi,fermerted bean curd,carbonate beverages and over-salt),and reduce SHS exposure.