| Obejective:According to the traditional Chinese medicine epidemiology theory,ancient herbal medicine literature,and combining with modern pharmacological research to develop a safe,highly effective,environmentally friendly,and economically convenient air disinfectant is highly desirable.Taking the bactericidal activity of Chinese herbal aerosol as the inspection index,the compatibility relationship and the preparation process were optimized,and a Chinese herbal aerosol disinfectant was developed.Understanding its disinfection effect on indoor air,establishing quality control standards,detecting its acute toxicity,ensuring its clinical drug safety,and discussing the mechanism of its disinfection and sterilization.Method:1.Selecting the methods of detecting the bactericidal effect of aerosol disinfectants:Using the antibacterial ability as an index,comparing the field test methods of paper antibacterial and air disinfection,then selecting a suitable detection methods;2.Disinfectant extraction process research:The diameter of the inhibition zone of the paper was used as the inspection index,and taken the L9（34）orthogonal test to optimize the extraction process,among them the liquid ratio,ethanol concentration and extraction time were taken as the investigation factors;3.Studying the compatibility of disinfectant drugs:The diameter of the inhibition zone of the paper was used as the inspection index,and taken the L9（34）orthogonal test to optimize the proportion of compatibility,four medicinal herbs were used as the investigation factors,and high,medium,and low doses of medicinal materials were used as the factor level;4.Studying the effect of Antimicrobial:Through the paper antibacterial experiment,examining the inhibitory effect of air aerosol disinfectant of traditional Chinese medicine on Gram-positive bacteria,Gram-negative bacteria,and fungi;using six-step mesh impingement sampling method for Chinese herbal aerosol disinfectant and collecting and culturing the number of colonies in the air before and after disinfecting,then calculating the sterilization rate to determine the disinfecting effect of the air aerosol disinfectant of traditional Chinese medicine on natural bacteria in the air;compare the air disinfection effect of the traditional Chinese medicine aerosol disinfectant and the original fumigation disinfectant have no difference;5.Quality standard research:The traits and inspection items of the disinfectant were regulated;the Gallic acid,ursolic acid,quercetin components of the disinfectant were qualitatively identified by the TLC method,and the HPLC method was used to detected the main active ingredient of Gallic acid.The stability of the disinfectant was studied also.Based on the obtained results,then establishing the quality control standard and drafting quality standard;6.Acute Toxicity Test Study:Acute oral toxicity test,acute inhalation toxicity test,acute eye irritation test in rabbits and skin irritation test in guinea pigs were used to determine the acute toxicity of air aerosol disinfectants;7.Research on bactericidal mechanism:Studying the effect of disinfectants on the growth curve,electrical conductivity and ultrastructure of Staphylococcus epidermidis,and exploreing the possible bactericidal mechanism of air aerosol disinfectants.Results:1.The results of the field test of the paper antibacterial test and air disinfection show that the similar effects.The better the antibacterial effect of the paper is,the stronger the effect of the air disinfection field test is.It is suggested that the disk antibacterial test can replace the air disinfection field test as a test method for checking the disinfectant disinfection effect;2.The best extraction process of aerosol disinfectant is:The medicinal materials were soaked in 15 times and 70%ethanol for 2 hours,then extracted for 3 hours,filtered,and then extracted for 1 hour.The two extracts are combined and concentrated under reduced pressure（55°C）to a density of approximately 1.00;3.Best compatibility relationship:gallnut:hawthorn:C drug:baimuxiang leaf=3:2:3:1;4.According to the best extraction process and compatibility extraction of disinfectants showed that which can some extent of against Gram Positive bacteria,Gram-negative bacteria and fungi.The inhibitory strength was Gram-positive bacteria>Gram-negative bacteria>Fungi.The disinfection effect was good for airtight air,and the number of colonies in the air before and after disinfection varied greatly（P<0.05）,the extinction rate was greater than 90%,which was in line with the standard of the disinfecting rate of the air disinfectant on-site disinfecting test of the 2002 edition“Disinfection Technical Specification”which was greater than 90%;The disinfection effect of Chinese medicine air aerosol disinfectant and original fumigant disinfectant showed that the extinction rate of natural bacteria in the closed space of spring,summer,autumn and winter was more than 90%.For the lightly polluted winter space,the disinfection effect of the original compound fumigant was better than the aerosol disinfectant;5.The quality standards study stipulates the traits and inspection items of the disinfectant.The inspection items limit the total solid mass of 10 mL of the disinfectant to not less than 2.40 g,and the pH value range is 3.0 to 4.0;The identification of Galla chinensis and C medicinal materials under the same TLC conditions and the identification of gallic acid,ursolic acid,and quercetin,the main active ingredients in the disinfectants,were added,and HPLC determination of gallic acid,the main active ingredient,was added.The content of gallic acid in the 10 mL disinfectant is not less than 24.57 mg,and the method is stable,reliable,and reproducible;The stability test showed that the quality of the disinfectant was relatively stable within one year,decreasing the rate of Gallic acid content of the bactericidal active ingredient was less than 10%,and the extinction rate of the field disinfectant test was still greater than 90%,which was in line with the disinfection of the air disinfectant in the2002 edition of the Disinfection Technical Code.The test mortality rate is greater than 90%;6.The acute oral toxicity test and acute inhalation toxicity test in mice showed that the Chinese medicine aerosol disinfectant was practically non-toxic.The results of skin irritation test in guinea pigs showed that Chinese medicine aerosol disinfectant does not stimulate the skin,and rabbits have acute eye irritation.The experimental results show that Chinese herbal air aerosol disinfectant slightly stimulates rabbit eyes;7.Experiments on the growth curve of Chinese medicine air aerosol disinfectant against Staphylococcus albus showed that it had inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus;increasing of the electrical conductivity of Staphylococcus albus showed that it may change the permeability of bacterial cell membrane and make the bacteria Intracellular ion exudation;Transmission electron microscopy,disinfectant 24 hours staphylococcus showed plasmolysis,cytoplasm concentration,uneven distribution or even cavity phenomenon,indicating that the disinfectant on the cell wall and membrane structure of Staphylococcus aureus has a strong destructive effect.The antibacterial mechanism of the disinfectant may be related to the change of the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane and the destruction of the cell wall structure of the bacteria.Conclusion:This study prepared a Chinese medicine aerosol aerosol disinfectant,which has definite disinfection effect,no toxic and side effects,slight stimulation to the eyes,high efficiency and economy,reasonable preparation process,and stable and controllable quality. |
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