| Nowadays,more and more people suffer from hyperlipidemia because of the change of eating habits.Hyperlipidemia belongs to the syndrome of lipid metabolism disorders and can induce a series of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,such as atherosclerosis(AS),myocardial infarction,coronary heart disease,and stroke,which seriously threatens human health.Canarium pimela Leenh(CPL)fruit,belonging to the olive family,has the functions of hemostasis,diuresis and detoxification.In recent years,the pharmacological effects of CPL extract have mainly focused on cardiovascular and anti-oxidation,and our study groud had found that the extract of CPL fruit have the lipid-lowering activity,but the mechanism of lipid-lowering and effective components of CPL fruit is still a problem.In this study,the lipid-lowering and vasodilating activities of different medicinal sites of CPL were studied using a high-fat model of apolipoprotein E knockout mice and an isolated vascular model;The most effective site of CPL fruit was selected for component analysis and content to determine the activeingredients of lipid-lowering;Through the lipid-lowering test method in vitro to verify the active ingredients of lipid-lowering of CPL,which can provide a theoretical support for the development of CPL fruits as lipid-lowering and liver-protective products.The main research contents and results of this paper include the following aspects:(1)I.Investigating the lipid-lowering effect of CPLextracts by using the high fat model---apolipoprotein E gene knockout mouse.The results showed that the extracts of CPL fruit can significantly reduce the serum levels of TC and LDL-C in high-fat mice(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Although,the extract of CPL leaves can significantly increase the serum HDL-C(P<0.05)level,but can't to reduce the level of serum TC,LDL-C of high-fat mice.This results indicated that the lipid-lowering activity of CPL fruit is better than leaves.The lipid-lowering activity of the precipitate of CPL fruits extract(PFE)was comparable to the crude extract of CPL fruit(CEF),which was indicated that PFE was the active ingredients of CPL fruit in lipid-lowering effect.II.Using the in vitro system of vascular perfusion to examine the vasodilating activity of different extracts of fruit.The results showed that different extracts also have vasodilating effects and have a certain dose-effect relationship.The supernatant of CPL fruit extracts(SFE)is the most effective site for vasodilation in CPL fruit extracts.Comparing the superior vasodilators of CPL leave extracts,which have been reported,it was found that the vasodilation activity of refined extracts of CPL leaves wassuperior to SFE.(2)Methods for determining the content of polyphenols,flavonoids and saponins were established.The results showed that the content of total flavonoids in GC was the highest between in CPL fruit extracts,reaching78.83±0.15%(CEF)and SFE were 32.38±1.77% and 24.23±1.50%,respectively).The content of phenols and saponin were 9.20±2.31%(CEF and SFE were 10.36±0.97% and 10.09±0.22%,respectively)and 27.2±0.56%(CEF and SFE were 22.57±0.95% and 4.23±1.44%,respectively).(3)A single-factor experiment coupled with a Box-Behnken design response surface methodology had been applied to investigate the influence of the extraction approach,ethanol concentration,liquid-solid ratio and extraction time by evaluating the total flavonoids extraction rate.Results showed that the optimal reflux extraction conditions were as followers: ethanol concentration50%(V/V),liquid to solid ratio 40: 1(m L/g),extraction time 4h.(4)I.An model of fatty liver cells in vitro was established.The results showed that CPLfruit had a good ability to remove hepatocytes from fat accumulation and had a certain preventive effect on fatty liver.II.The results of antioxidant activity of total flavonoids of CPL fruit showed that it had a strong effects on DPPH and ABTS free radicals.The IC50 of the scavenging capacity was 18.18±0.71?g/m L and 3.88±0.10?g/m L,respectively,and it had a strong reducing power. |
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