The Complex Diversification Of Female Urinary Tract Microbiota And Its Relationship With Urinary Tract Infection

Objective:To explore the ecological relationship among the female urinary tract host,environment and microbial flora,and the host's reactive changes after the change of health status to reverse the sterility of the urinary tract,and to prove that the urinary tract has its specific urogenital microbiome and characteristics.To study the diversity of the urogenital microbiome and composition of urinary tract microbiota in postmenopausal women with healthy child-bearing age,healthy postmenopausal women,and symptoms associated with urinary tract infection,and further explore the impact of bacterial flora changes on urinary tract infection,provide evidence support and gradually develop new concept of diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections.Methods:A total of 24 subjects were selected for this study and divided into three groups: normal healthy childbearing age women,normal healthy postmenopausal women,and postmenopausal women with urinary tract symptoms.The selected method was a physical examination at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University.The center collected a total of 10 healthy women for general physical examination,including 5postmenopausal women(A1-A5)and 5 women of childbearing age(B1-B5).At the same time,they were also collected at the same time in the renal clinic,and they were accompanied by new diagnoses.Obvious symptoms of urinary tract infection,a total of14 cases of postmenopausal women without antibiotic treatment(C1-C14),the above selected subjects were asked to rule out vaginal infections,urethral malformation,urinary tract surgery,diabetes,severe heart and kidney disease and Only after the application of antibiotics,immunosuppressants,etc.can they be enrolled.Strict aseptic training was performed on the subjects.After the subjects passed the training,urine samples were taken.After sampling,the 16 S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing method was used to study the menopausal status of healthy childbearing age,healthy postmenopausal,and urinary tract infection symptoms.Female urinary tract bacterial species composition and structure,determine three groups of female urinary tract dominant bacteria and inferior bacteria group,study urinary tract infection in postmenopausal female urinary tract microecological structure and changes,analysis of bacterial structure differences on urine The related effects of road infections provide strong evidence for the pathogenesis and diagnosis of urinary tract infections.Results:(1)The research data showed that the urine samples of the three groups of women showed a diverse and complex urogenital microbiome and composition,and the urogenital microbiome abundance level and individual structure of the bacterial flora were significantly different.The relevant experimental data show that based on the Phylum level classification,all the sample sequences belong to 30 Phylums,and the species with higher abundance were detected as 4 types,mainly the Firmicutes,Actinomyces,Proteobacteria,and Bacteroidetes.Acidobacteria abundance was also higher in urine samples from healthy women of childbearing age and healthy postmenopausal women,and in the urine samples of postmenopausal patients with urinary tract infections.The detection rate and abundance were significantly reduced.(2)Each sample was dominated by one or two species of bacteria.The difference in the number of detected bacteria was more obvious in each sample.Among the three groups of urine samples,healthy women of childbearing age and healthy postmenopausal women were the detection rate of the species is richer and more varied.There are more than 100 species of bacteria,and the species of bacteria detected in the group with symptoms of lower urinary tract infection is significantly reduced,and only more than 40 species of bacteria are detected.Most of the healthy childbearing age and postmenopausal group samples can be classified as Genus.The two dominant strains are mainly Lactobacillus,Gardnerella and Sphingomonas,in the group with symptoms of urinary tract infections,most of the sample sequences can be classified as Family or Genus.The dominant Genus are mainly Enterobacteriaceae,Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteriaceae,the individual differences are obvious,and the common evidence of the dominant flora characteristic is not sufficient.(3)In the postmenopausal female group with symptoms of urinary tract infection,the abundance of Sphingomonas genus was significantly decreased,and the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae was significantly higher than that of the other two groups.The abundance of genus Lactobacillus was significantly lower than that of healthy childbearing age.Comparison of bacterial flora Sphingomonas,Enterobacteriaceae,and Lactobacillus is a difference,the samples were tested for normality,and the test results showed that each group of bacteria did not obey the normal distribution,so the median was adopted.Intervals and quartiles were used to describe its central tendency and discrete trend.A rank sum test with multiple independent samples was used.The calculated results showed that the above three groups had statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Comamonadaceae,Anaerococcus,Lysinibacillus,Pediococcus,Oxalobacteraceae-Undibacterium and other bacteria are detected the abundance in the postmenopausal female group and healthy childbearing age was higher than that in the postmenopausal associated urinary tract infection group,while the higher abundance of the postmenopausal urinary tract infection group included Enterococcus,Streptococcus,etc.However,because of the small sample size of this experiment,the difference between the data is not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions : All groups of female urine samples detected a large number of bacterial flora.It is confirmed that there are a lot of bacteria in the urinary tract,and its specific flora and structure exist.The data showed that the structure and composition of the three groups of specimens were diverse,complicated,and individualized.Actinomycetes,Proteobacteria,and Bacteroidetes are the four most common bacteria.Further data analysis of the samples found that the three groups of samples were all of the genus Lactobacillus in the Firmarum,but the urinary tract bacterial group in the postmenopausal woman group with urinary tract infection showed Lactobacillus and sphingosine alone.The genus was significantly reduced,and the abundance of enterobacteriaceae was significantly increased,suggesting that the urinary tract dominant bacteria and bacterial composition in postmenopausal women with symptoms of urinary tract infection have changed significantly,which may be caused by postmenopausal women susceptible to urine road infection is an important cause and provides strong evidence for the pathogenesis and diagnosis of urinary tract infections.