| PART I THE LEVELS OF RETINOIDS AND ITS PRECURSOR IN 278 NORMAL NEONATESObjective: This research was designed to investigate the retinoids and its precursor levels of normal neonates in yuzhong district of chongqing.Methods: According to the inclusion criteria,the normal neonates born from October to November 2016 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University was included,and their plantar peripheral blood from 3 to 14 days after birth and related case data were collected.The blood retinol,retinyl acetate,retinyl palmitate and ?-carotene levels were measured by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method(HPLC-MS/MS).Results: A total of 278 cases of normal neonates were collected,and the levels of retinol,retinyl acetate,retinyl palmitate and ?-carotene were respectively(0.418 ± 0.151),(0.007 ± 0.003),(0.229 ± 0.191)and(0.278 ±0.229)?mol/L,which all were significantly lower than that of school-agechildren(all P = 0.000).According to the VA(Vitamin A)deficiency standard of 6-70 months of age,the proportion of VA deficiency was62.59%,and the clinical VA deficiency was 32.01%,which all were significantly higher than that of school-age children(all P = 0.000).The levels of retinyl palmitate and ?-carotene in different neonatal retinol levels were statistically significant(all P = 0.021)and increased with the elevation of retinol level.Among all groups of different day age,there were significant differences for retinol of neonates,which increased with the increase of day age(P = 0.000).There was a significant positive correlation between the peripheral blood retinol level of neonates and the day age(r =0.261,P = 0.000).Among all groups of different retinol level,there were significant differences for head circumference of neonates at birth,which increased with the increase retinol level(P = 0.000).There was a significant positive correlation between the peripheral blood retinol level of neonates and the head circumference(r = 0.310,P = 0.000).Conclusion: The VA level of normal neonates was very low in the two weeks after birth and was associated with day age and head circumference.PART II THE INFLUENCING FACTORS OF NEONATAL RETINOIDS AND ITS PRECURSOR LEVELSObjective: To investigate the influencing factors of neonatal retinoids and its precursor levels.Methods: According to the inclusion criteria,the normal neonates born from October to November 2016 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University was included,and blood from their mothers before delivery,their umbilical cord blood samples and related case data were collected.The blood retinol,retinyl acetate,retinyl palmitate and?-carotene levels were measured by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method(HPLC-MS/MS).The t test,single factor variance and multiple regression model were applied to analyze the influencing factors.Results: Totally 82 mothers and their neonates were included.Retinol,retinyl palmitate and ?-carotene concentration of umbilical cord blood serum which were respectively(0.490±0.129),(0.016±0.016)and(0.038±0.030)?mol/L,were significantly lower than that of maternal serum which were respectively(0.988±0.268),(0.319±0.314)and(2.196±2.005)?mol/L(all P = 0.000).Maternal age,gestational age,pre-pregnant BMI,cultural degree,delivery way,neonate sex,parities,weight gain during pregnancy,VA(Vitamin A)intake in late pregnancy,and whether to supplement multivitamins had no statistically significant effect on umbilical cord blood retinol,retinyl esters and ?-carotene levels(P > 0.05).Among all groups of different maternal VA status(VA sufficient,insufficient and deficient groups),there were significant differences for retinol,retinyl palmitate and ?-carotene level of umbilical cord blood serum(P = 0.017,0.044 and 0.030,respectively).And they were all significantly higher in VA sufficient group than in VA deficient group(all P< 0.05).Maternal retinol level was the independent influence factor affecting both retinol and ?-carotene level of umbilical cord serum(regression coefficient b = 0.149,0.035,respectively;95%CI: 0.048~0.251,0.011~0.059,respectively).Conclusion: The overall neonatal VA level is lower than that of mother,and both neonatal retinol and ?-carotene concentration are associated with maternal retinol concentration. |
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