Clinical Investigation Of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection In Children With Congenital Heart Disease

Objective: To investigate the characteristics and risk of congenital heart disease(CHD)complicated with respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)infection in children,so as to deepen the understanding of CHD combined with RSV infection.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 685 CHD patients received surgery in our hospital from January to December 2017.We found 47 patients(male 30,female 17)with RSV infection,set as the observation group,with age from 0.5 to 36 months(mean 8.6±8.1 months)and weight from 2.8 to 11.5 kg(mean 6.5±2.3 kg).Analysis of the age and seasonal distribution of RSV infection in the observation group.And randomly took 47 patients without RSV infection,set as the control group.To explore the risk of RSV in children with CHD.Then we divide the 47 patients with RSV infection into single-infection group(n=37)and co-infections group(n=10).The clinical data between the two group of children were statistically analyzed for defining the risk of severe RSV infection among children with CHD.In the observation group,there 42 patients were improved and 5 died.The different clinical data for prognosis were analyzed and compared between 2 groups.Fever symptoms and duration of fever(80.0%,3.7±5.5)were significantly different between the double infection group and the single infection group(32.4%,1.3±6.1).Results: Seasonal distribution difference of RSV infection was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the difference in age distribution of RSV infection was statistically significant(P<0.05)。Compared with control group,the observation group had prolonged mechanical ventilation time and in-hospital ICU stay time,the difference was statistically significant(all P<0.05).The pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH)and mortality were much higher in observation group(23.4%,10.6%)than those in control group(14.9%,0%),but the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.294,P=0.056).Compared with single-infection group,the co-infections group had prolonged mechanical ventilation time,in-hospital ICU stay time,but the difference was not statistically significant.The PAH and mortality rate had no significant differences.Conclusion: 1.The peak of RSV infection is in winter and spring,and the infection is mainly in low-age children(especially ≤1 year old)。2.RSV is a risk factor for CHD and poses a serious threat to CHD surgery and postoperative recovery,and as a result,prolonged postoperative ventilator-assisted ventilation and prolonged ICU stay have increased the risk of PAH and mortality after CHD.3.RSV patients with co-infections are more prone to feverish symptoms and fever lasts longer.However,it has no significant effect on postoperative recovery of CHD.4.The prevention of RSV infection in children with CHD intended for surgery is crucial.