Assessment Of Risk Factors And Early Diagnosis For Secondary Infection Of End-stage Liver Disease

End stage liver disease(ESLD)is a late stage of liver disease caused by viruses,autoimmunity,alcohol,drugs,etc.Infection is a common complication and an important predisposing factor of ESLD.Infections represent one of the most important reasons of progression of liver failure,develop-ment of liver-related complications,and mortality in patients with cirrhosis.Bacterial infections develop as a consequence of immune dysfunction that occurs progressively during the course of cirrhosis.The secondary infection deteriorates ESLD and increases the mortality significantly.We reviewed recent researches on the assessment of risk factors and the establishment of early diagnosis strategies for secondary infection of ESLD.Instructing clinicians for early prevention,early warning and early diagnosis,which might be helpful to improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment,as well as prognosis of ESLD.