Advances In The Research Of Interaction Mechanism Between Intestinal Microbiota And Brain-gut Axis

There is a complex,dynamic and balanced microbial community in the human body.The most important one is the microbial flora distributed in the gastrointestinal tract,which has a significant impact on the physiological,immunological and metabolic processes of human health.Rapid environmental changes and modern lifestyles may promote the development of human intestinal microbial community biodiversity.Changes in the composition of the microbiota may influence a wide range of diseases such as allergic diseases,asthma,inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),obesity,intestinal cancer,and even metabolic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.Studies have shown that it also has potential effects on neurodevelopment and mental health.The brain and intestine form a brain-gut axis through two-way nerves communication,endocrine and immune process,and they interact with each other.The disturbance of the type and quantity of intestinal microbes can affect the enteric nervous system(ENS)and the central nervous system(CNS).Metabolic brain diseases and mental disorders can also lead to intestinalmicroecological imbalances,indicating the presence of microbe-brain-gut axis.This review summarizes recent advances in the interaction mechanism between intestinal microbiota and the brain-gut axis and aims to provide ideas for the study of the connection between neuropsychiatric disorders and gastrointestinal disorders and to help making new preventive and therapeutic measures.