Analysis Of Beryllium Exposure On Health Status And Biological Indicators In Blood And Urine In Workers

Objective To understand the health condition of People with occupational exposure to beryllium and influencing factors of related biological indicators,so as to provide reference for occupational health surveillance of beryllium employees through the questionnaire investigation,occupational health examination and detection of related indicators of urine and blood samples of the workers in a beryllium smelter in Hunan province.Method A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the demographic characteristics,occupational conditions,smoking,drinking,disease history,family history of disease,medication and cognition of occupational health in the workers in a beryllium smelter in Hunan province.The urine and blood samples of people with beryllium exposure and non beryllium exposure were collected.The urine beryllium was tested using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.The blood routine was tested using five classification hemocytes,and the ALT was tested by automatic biochemical analyzer.Lung function was tested using pulmonary function instrument.Serum i NOS and GSH-PX were tested using visible light spectrophotometer.Serum SOD was tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Occupational health examination was conducted according to Technical Specification For Occupational Health Surveillance(GBZ188-2014)and Diagnostic Criteria of Occupational Beryllium Disease(GBZ67-2002).As long as a indicator of physical examination was abnormal,the worker was judged to be abnormal in occupational health examination.Results 1 The results of investigation: The respondents' awareness rates on individual protection were up to 93.3% and above,while the awareness rates in occupational health prevention,occupational health training,ventilation and seal of product raw material were relatively low,which were 60%,76.7%,73.3%,53.3% respectively.The ratio of workers to access to occupational health knowledge from television and radio,newspaper,network,unit propaganda and centralized training and gossip were 16.7%,16.7%,26.7%,23.3% and 16.7% respectively.2 There was no significant difference between workers exposed to beryllium and non beryllium workers in urine beryllium level(P<0.001).The working age of workers with occupational exposure to beryllium is positively correlated to urine beryllium levels(r=0.443,P<0.01);The urine beryllium levels of workers are positively correlated to serum ALT levels(r=0.318,P<0.05).The urine beryllium levels in workers exposed to beryllium are not affected by cultural level,smoking,drinking,illness,family history,medication and health care products evidently(P>0.05).3 There was no significant difference in the levels of i NOS,GSH-PX and SOD in workers exposed to beryllium and non beryllium workers in the factory(P>0.05).The age and working age of workers had no significant influence on the levels of i NOS,GSH-PX and SOD in the serum(P>0.05).4 The abnormal rate of physical examination of the workers who participated in occupational health examination in 2016~2017 was 71.8%,mainly the abnormalities in liver function,electrocardiogram,blood routine,chest film and blood pressure,which were 41.8%,25.5%,20.9%,11.8% and 10% respectively,two of whom were suspected of chronic occupational beryllium disease.The abnormal rate of liver function of male workers was higher than that of female workers(P<0.05),while the abnormal rates of ECG and blood routine of male workers were lower than that of female workers(P<0.05).The abnormal rate of blood routine of workers with age ranged from 40 to 44 years old was the highest(P<0.05);The abnormal rate of blood pressure of workers over 50 years old was the highest(P<0.05).The abnormal rate of chest radiograph of workers increased with the length of service(P<0.05).Conclusion 1 The cognitive level in the occupational health individual protection is higher,which is lower in occupational health prevention and training.It is necessary to adopt multi way to strengthen the publicity of occupational health knowledge.2 The beryllium level in urine can be used as a reference indicator for the degree of beryllium exposure of people with occupational exposure to beryllium.3 The abnormal rate of occupational health examination of workers in the beryllium smelter was 71.8% in 2016~2017,and the occupational health surveillance should be strengthened.