The Therapeutic Effect Of Mulberry Bark Powder Bread Feeding On Mice With Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with high prevalence in modern society.It has seriously threatened human's health,which makes people begin to pay more and more attention to the treatment of diabetes.Mulberry is a kind of plant of medicine and food,its root,stem,leaf and fruit can be used as medicine,mulberry has a variety of pharmacological effects such as aid of reducing blood glucose and so on.Mulberry leaves(a silkworm food)has now developed into a variety of healthy foods such as mulberry tea and mulberry leaf powder.However,mulberry branch is the biggest waste of sericulture,small amounts of mulberry branch powders were used in culture matrix of edible fungus.Therefore,the comprehensive utilization in food and medicine plays an important role for the sustainable development of sericultureBread is a healthy food.For people with diabetes,however,in daily life they can't eat a lot of high-carbohydrate food like bread.A good way of life is that increase the number of meals and reduce the intake number of food each time,which often causes diabetic patients to be in a state of half full or hunger.We can make a kind of bread mixed up untreated mulberry branch bark superfine powders,this can make the patients with diabetes obtain the treatment of disease and get a feeling of satiety after eating.At the same time,mulberry branch has been fully utilized and the waste of biological resources has been reduced.In this experiment,mulberry branch bark powders were added into bread to make mulberry bark powder bread(MBPB),MBPB was fed ICR diabetic mice induced by combined STZ with high fat and high glucose.Finally,to explore the therapeutic effect of MBPB on mice with type 2 diabetes.First of all,the experimental results shown that the sample mulberry bark powders were mainly composed of 2/3 mulberry coarse fiber,the crude polysaccharide accounted for about 6%,the remaining part is protein,amino acids,flavonoids and so on.According to the formula of making normal bread,we make normal bread,5 %,10 %,15 % MBPB.Basis on above,the bread and normal mice fodders were mixed at 1:1 to make normal bread fodders and MBPB fodders.These fodders were prepared for the following experiment that explore the therapeutic effect of MBPB on mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus.In this experiment,ICR male mice(3-4 weeks)were randomly divided into three groups: control group,normal group and type 2 diabetes model group.After 3 days of acclimation,the control group and the normal group mice were fed with normal mice fodders,mice in type 2 diabetes model group received high-fat and high-suger diet for 4 weeks,the model group mice were fasted for 12 hours,followed by intraperitoneal injection of low dose of STZ(100 mg/kg.BW),Seven days after the injection,mice in model group were fasted for 10 hours and fasting blood glucose(FBG)was determined,mice with more than 7.8 mmol/L of FBG were considered to be diabetic and included in the study.The diabetic mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: diabetes model group,5%,10% and 15% MBPB group.Finally,all the mice were divided into control group,normal group,type 2 diabetes model group(model group),5 %,10 % and 15% MBPB group.The mice in control group were fed with normal mice fodders for 7 weeks,the mice in normal group and the model group were fed with normal bread fodders for 7 weeks.The other three groups were fed with different doses MBPB fodders for 7 weeks.The blood glucose and weight of mice were measured from the first to seventh weeks.The glucose tolerance of mice was measured at sixth week.In the end,blood,pancreas,liver and kidney were collected for the follow-up experiment.Results of physiological and biochemical experiments: the control group and normal group were almost no difference.The weight of the mice in model group continued to decline,the weight dropped by 24.14% within 7 weeks,blood glucose was maintained 22.21-27.76 mmol/L,the ability to regulate glucose was abnormal and the glucose tolerance was impaired;Insulin sensitivity of type 2 diabetic mice decreased,serum insulin levels elevated,type 2 diabetic mice appeared insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia;glycated hemoglobin levels of type 2 diabetic mice were significantly increased,blood lipid metabolic disorder.However,after the treatment of MBPB,The body weight of the diabetic mice rose to 38.64 g to close to the normal mice,the blood glucose level dropped by 54.66 %,which was 11.47 mmol/L.The ability to regulate glucose gradually improved and glucose tolerance had better recovery;Insulin sensitivity of diabetic mice were recovered,serum insulin levels decreased significantly,the insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia were relieved;Glycated hemoglobin levels decreased significantly,lipid metabolism disorder was improved in the certain degree.Then we studied effect of MBPB on pancreas,liver and kidney of type 2 diabetic mice.Histopathological results shown that MBPB effectively recovered mice pancreas,liver and kidney damage caused by type 2 diabetes.In addition,MBPB made the serum liver enzymes,creatinine and urea levels of diabetic mice decrease,insulin secretion in diabetic mice were improved significantly and the expression of PDX-1 protein that maintain the pancreas function were enhanced,furthermore,the antioxidative ability of kidney in diabetic mice were enhanced.These above results further indicated that MBPB have good rehab effect on pancreas,liver and kidney injury.The liver is important organs in glucose and lipid metabolism,to further explore mechanism effect of the MBPB on glucose and lipid metabolism in liver of mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus,hepatic insulin signaling,glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism and inflammatory reaction were studied in detail via western blotting method,the experimental results shown that the MBPB repaired the PI3K/p-AKT pathway damage,improved the liver lipid metabolism and reduced inflammation reaction in liver.Hepatic insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic mice were further improved.Eventually,the blood glucose of diabetic mice decreased.In summary,MBPB had a good therapeutic effect on type 2 diabetes.MBPB improved physiological and biochemical abnormalities occurred in type 2 diabetes and repaired the function damage of pancreas,liver and kidney in type 2 diabetic mice.The results of this study provide a possibility of eliminating the concren that diabetic patients may have hyperglycemia with high-carbohydrate breads intake.Mulberry branch is fully recycled,and avoid the waste of resources.