Effect Of Hypoglycemic Loaded Diet On Carotid Plaque In Patients With Diabetes Melilitus

Objectives:To observe the clinical effect of the low-glycemic load food serving on the diet education for the type 2 diabetic patients with carotid atherosclerosis.Methods:Eighty cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed without insulin therapy but with carotid plaque in the Department of physical examination of Yanbian Hospital were selected Two group of patients who were similar in sex,age,smoking history,duration of disease,anthropometry,blood biochemistry,carotid imaging,and education were matched,randomly divided into observation group and control group,each group of 40 people.Both two groups were received a six-month basic comprehensive intervention including diet-education,dietary guidance,exercise guidance,periodic testing.What the difference is that the subjects in the control group were asked to carry out dietary intervention according to the traditional method of food exchange while dietary intervention in the observation group was given a food exchange method based on the concept of glycemic load.The scores of anthropometric parameters(BMI,WC,BP),blood biochemical parameters(blood glucose(FPG,2hPPG),blood lipid(TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C),HbAlc)and carotid iconography(the bilateral carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT)and plaque areas)were assessed not only before but also after a six-month intervention.The results were compared before and after intervention.Results:1.Comparison between the two groups before intervention:There was no significant difference in anthropometry,blood biochemistry and carotid imaging(P>0.05).2.Comparison between the two groups before intervention:Anthropometric parameters:After the intervention there was significant statistical difference in BMI between the observation group and the control group(P<0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference in WC or BP(P>0.05);Blood biochemical parameters:After the intervention there was significant statistical difference in FPG,2hPPG,HbA1c,TC,HDL-C,LDL-C between the observation group and the control group(P<0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference in TG(P>0.05);Carotid iconography:After the intervention,the results of the observation group showed that the carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT)and plaque areas registered an obvious downward trend compared with the control group and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);at the end of the intervention there was significant statistical difference in the carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT)and plaque areas between the observation group and the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with the traditional food exchange serving in diet education,the low-glycemic load food serving on the diet education make more positive effect,for it not only can help type 2 diabetes patients to conrol the level of BMI,FPG,2hPPG,HbA1c,TC,HDL-C,LDL-C,but also can improve the severity of carotid plaque to some extent and delay the aggravation of carotid atherosclerosis.