| ShengMai(SM)formula are composed of Panax ginseng,Ophiopogon japonicus and Schisandra chinesis,which have been clinically used to treat coronary heart disease.SM has been also demonstrated that it is a promising therapeutic agent to treat AD.But current studies do not investigate SM integral formula activity of inhibiting AD on overall standard,and are lack of the research that Panax ginseng,Ophiopogon japonicus and Schisandra chinesis in SM inhibiting AD exert synergistic efficacies or not.The results of this research will offer data support and lay a theoretical foundation for developing SM integral formula new application of inhibiting AD.Caenorhabditis elegans expressing human Aβ1-42 were used as a pathological model to optimize the proportion of SM formula which treated AD.The mechanisms of SM formula treating AD were studied in this paper.Furthermore,the activity of SM formula extracted by ethanol(SM-EE)ameliorating AD symptoms was tested.Finnally,the contents of characteristic components in SM-EE and SM formula water decoction(SM-WD)were preliminarily analyzed.The results of orthogonal experiment and dismantlement research demonstrated that the optimized SM formula which treated AD was composed by Panax ginseng,Ophiopogon japonicus,Schisandra chinesis at the dose proportion of 9:9:6,that Ophiopogon japo,nicus played the principal role,and that Panax ginseng,Ophiopogon japonicus and Schisandra chinesis exerted synergistic efficacies.The results of investigating SM formula treated AD mechanisms indicated that SM formula not only inhibited Aβ aggregation but also down-regulated the expression level of TNFA1P1 homologues and related stress genes which were hsp 16-2,hsp 16-41,and ace-1,ace-2 genes in C.elegans,which suggested that SM formula inhibiting AD through acting on multiple targets.It coincided with the conclusion that Panax ginseng,Ophiopogon japonicus and Schisandra chinesis exerted synergistic effects.The activity of SM formula water decoction(SM-WD)inhibiting AD was in a non-linear dose dependent manner.SM formula extracted by ethanol(SM-EE)was purified by macroporous resin AB-8,which had a more significant activity of inhibiting AD than SM-WD.In the range from 0.2mg/mL to 5.0mg/mL,SM-EE delayed paralysis in a linear dose dependent manner.The results illustrated that it was possible that SM formula delaying paralysis was partially dependent on delaying the development of worms.The results of measuring the contents of characteristic components in SM-WD and SM-EE indicated that total flavonoid content rather than total saponins content was positively associated with SM formula activity of inhibiting AD.It implied that the signature ingredient in SM formula which ameliorated AD symptoms were not the saponins but the flavonoid. |
