Diversity Surveys Analysis And Comprehensive Prevention Technology Of Weed In Southern Shaanxi Tea Plantation

The tea plants(Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntzc)originated in China are ancient economic crops.The Qinba mountainous area in southern Shaanxi is one of the most northern natural distribution area of tea plants in China,where are suitable for the growing of tea plants and produce high-quality green tea.In order to learn the diversity of tea garden weeds and guide the prevention of weeds in southern Shaanxi tea area,this study adopted the combination of field surveys and inventory methods.We conducted a two-years survey of the composition of the weed species,which were beginning in January 2018.We analyzed the current status and problems of the tea garden weeds and discussed the advantages and disadvantages of the different prevention technologies of tea gardens,and a comparative test of weed control technology be carried out.Then we put forward several suggestions for the comprehensive prevention of tea garden weeds in southern Shaanxi.All of these will provide operable guidance and research directions for the comprehensive prevention of tea garden weeds in southern Shaanxi.There are main results as follows:(1)This study identified the weed species and the dominant harmful population in the tea gardens of southern Shaanxi.These weed species in total included 42 families,105 genera and 147 species,which are mainly Compositae(29 species)and Gramineae(24 species),in which the dicotyledonous weeds tops the list followed by monocotyledonous weeds,and fern weeds were the least.According to the classification analysis of life forms,the proportions of annual,biennial and perennial weeds were 43.54%,14.97% and 41.49%,respectively.And the weed species mainly included A.aequalis,C.bursa-pastoris,V.didyma,C.canadensis,E.indica,C.setosum,T.mongolicum,S.media,C.hederacea,C.rotundus and other weeds.The main harmful populations included C.canadensis,E.indica,D.sanguinalis,V.didyma,S.media,C.setosum,S.viridis,C.rotundus,C.album,and R.dentatus.(2)This study clarified that covering the horticultural ground cloth can effectively control the occurrence of weeds in tea gardens,and the reduction rate of the weed occurrence can reach 99.6%.Covering horticultural ground cloth is a safe,efficient,convenient and practical measure for weed control,which can reduce more the cost of controlling grass than covering black mulch or straw in tea gardens.(3)This study identified that intercropping white clover can effectively controlled the occurrence of weeds in the tea gardens,which cover the exposed ground in the rows of the tea plants.The reduction rate of the weed occurrence was 77.6%,which was better thanintercropping soybeans and peanuts,while the cost was lower.Thus it was a suitable method for controlling grass in southern Shaanxi tea area.(4)This study proposed a series of comprehensive prevention measures for weeds in southern Shaanxi tea area.The managers needed reduce the effective storage of weed propagation organs and control the invasion of weeds before the establishment of tea gardens,and cover the tea gardens with horticultural ground cloth or intercropping white clover on time.Besides,they needed adopt ecological methods to effectively control the occurrence of weeds.At the same time,they could do strengthen the management of water and fertilizer,pruning and farming to promote the growth of tea plants and inhibit the occurrence of weeds.