| Wheat is the most important food crop worldwide,and it is easily affected by external stresses during its growth.It is of far-reaching significance to strengthen the basic research of wheat to ensure the national food security.The CCT(CO,COL and TOC1)gene family not only has a conservative genetic network that controls photoperiod flowering,but also participates in many hormone transduction pathways and regulates plant growth and development through abiotic stress responses.In this study,bioinformatics methods were used to screen and identify wheat TaCCT family genes in the wheat genome,and further analyze their physical and chemical properties,evolutionary relationships,gene structure,cis-acting elements,chromosome positioning,and gene expression patterns.The results are as follows:1.A total of 118 wheat CCT family genes were screened in the wheat whole genome by using HMM search method.Furthermore,80 non-redundant CCT family members were finally identified and named it according to the position of the gene on the chromosome and its homology.Physical and chemical properties analysis found that TaCCT protein amino acid number,molecular weight and isoelectric point were significantly different,and more than 80%(65)of TaCCT protein PI<7,indicating that they are acidic amino acids.Subcellular localization prediction analysis found that most wheat CCT proteins were localized in the nucleus,and only a small amount was distributed in the chloroplast,mitochondria,and outside the cell.2.In order to classified the wheat CCT family members,the wheat CCT family members and Arabidopsis and rice CCT family genes were constructed by multiple sequence alignment to construct an evolutionary tree.Results showed that the wheat CCT family was divided into 13 subgroups(From A to M)Based on the analysis of conserved domains,which belonged to three major subfamilies(PRR,COL,and CMF).3.Gene structure analysis showed that the TaCCT gene contained 2-8 exons,and they were shared similar structure in same subgroup.Conserved domain analysis showed that all TaCCT family members contain motif5,and the types and numbers of motifs contained in each subgroup are significantly different.These characteristics can be used as criteria for identifying different subgroups.4.Chromosome location showed that all TaCCT genes located on different chromosomes,and they were unevenly distributed in different chromosome.There were 28 TaCCT genes in the A subgenome,24 in the B subgenome,and 28 in D subgenome.The gene replication structure showed that a total of 64 TaCCT genes form 60 homologous gene pairs,indicated that gene replication played an important role in the evolution and expansion of the TaCCT gene family.5.Through the mi RNA prediction of TaCCT genes,63 target genes corresponding to 52 mi RNAs were found.It is predicted that mi RNAs may play an important role in the physiological and biochemical metabolic processes involved in the regulation of wheat CCT genes,and different TaCCT genes play an important role in non-biological processes.The function of stress regulation process may be different.6.The cis-acting element analysis showed that there were 16 elements which related to hormones and stresses were identified,indicating that the TaCCT gene was more than light-regulated.GO annotation analysis showed that 100% of the wheat CCT gene protein was involved in cell composition,and was widely involved in the metabolism and regulation of wheat growth and development.7.The analysis of gene expression patterns showed that TaCCTs had specific spatial and temporal expression profiles.Analysis of transcriptome data revealed during grain filling in wheat that most genes were involved in the expression of wheat tissues,and the response to drought and high temperature was obviously.Perform q RT-PCR verification on 4 TaCCT genes that are highly expressed in leaves and sensitive to stress responses.The results showed that the TaCCT family genes have different responses to different biological stresses,not only participating in hormone regulation,but also participating in different stress mechanisms. |
