| Drought is one of the main unfavorable environmental factors in wheat production,which seriously affects the growth and yield of wheat.It is very important to discover drought resistance related genes and improve the drought resistance of wheat through molecular breeding.Studies have shown that protein kinase gene is an important candidate gene source for drought resistance.In the early stage of our laboratory,the protein kinase genes TAPK10 and TASTPK1 were selected and cloned from the wheat c DNA library after drought stress.Preliminary functional verification showed that TAPK10 and TASTPK1 were induced by high salt and drought stress,which can improve the drought resistance of transgenic Arabidopsis In the early stage of this research group,T5 generation transgenic wheat materials with stable inheritance of TAPK10 and TASTPK1 genes were obtained by gene gun transformation technology.In this study,the preliminary molecular detection of transgenic wheat lines with TAPK10 and TASTPK1 genes was used to select transgenic lines,and the drought resistance was identified under indoor drought stress and field water control conditions,in order to provide a basis for the subsequent use of drought-resistant transgenic materials.The main findings are as follows:1.The PCR results of T5 transgenic wheat showed that the positive rates of TaPK10 transgenic wheat lines were 41%,39%,83%,86%,90%;the positive rates of different TaSTPK1 transgenic wheat lines were 84%,91%,86%,57%,49%;The relative expression of roots,stems,leaves,pistils,stamens,glumes,and seeds of transgenic wheat lines was tested.The results showed that TaPK10 gene was highly expressed in roots,stems,leaves,and seeds.The expression levels in stamens,pistils and glume shells were lower;the expression levels of TaSTPK1 gene in stems,leaves and seeds were higher,and the expression levels in roots,stamens,pistils and glume shells were lower.2.Water treatment was used as a control,and the drought resistance identification results of the transgenic lines under the conditions of 10%,15%,and 20% PEG stress showed that the germination potential and germination rate of the transgenic lines seeds compared with the recipient,Root number,coleoptile length,individual plant biomass and total root length at seedling stage are significantly higher than the receptor,and the water loss rate of detached leaves at seedling stage is significantly lower than the receptor,indicating that overexpression of foreign genes can Improve the drought resistance of wheat in the germination and seedling stages.3.Under zero water(drought)treatment in the field,the flag leaf length and width and plant height of three TaPK10 transgenic wheat lines(25-0-1,25-0-3,25-11-0-3)were slightly higher It is different from the receptor,but the difference is not significant.The spikelet number,effective tiller number,ear number per mu,and spike grain number are higher than the receptor.The spikelet number,effective tiller number is significantly different from the receptor,thousand kernel weight It is 14.05%,10.22%,and 13.03% higher than the recipient material respectively,and its grain length and grain width are larger than that of the receptor,and the transgenic lines equivalent to mu production are 8.95%,8.21%,and 8.97% higher than the receptor respectively;Under the treatment of 1 field water(1 winter irrigation),the length and width of the flag leaves and plant height of the three transgenic wheat lines were slightly higher than that of the receptor,but the difference from the receptor was not significant.The plant height,spikelet number,and effective The number of tillers,number of spikes per mu,and number of grains per ear were higher than that of the receptor,and the number of spikes per mu,spikelets,and the number of effective tillers were significantly different from those of the receptor.Thousand-grain weight is 11.29%,10.44%,and 11.93% higher than the receptor material,respectively,and its grain length and grain width are larger than the receptor;equivalent mu yield is 5.7%,7.58%,and 6.98% higher than the receptor,respectively.The drought resistance indexes of the three transgenic lines were 1.12,1.09,and 1.11,respectively.The drought resistance level showed that the three transgenic lines had strong drought resistance;under zero water treatment in the field,the transgenic lines had a spikelet number and a thousand-grain weight compared with the recipient.The increase in yield per mu is greater than that under 1 water treatment,indicating that overexpression of foreign gene TaPK10 can increase the yield of transgenic wheat.4.Under the treatment of 0 water(drought)in the field,three wheat lines with TaSTPK1 transgene(18-11-7-1,18-36(1)-1-3,18-36(1)-1-7)Flag leaf length and width and plant height are slightly higher than the receptor,but the difference from the receptor is not significant;its spikelets,effective tillers,acres of spikes,grains per ear are higher than the recipient,spikelets,effective tillers The number is significantly different from that of the receptor.The 1000-grain weight is 8.34%,10.52%,and 9.11% higher than that of the receptor material.The grain length and grain width are higher than the receptor.The yield per mu is 9.3% and 10.24 higher than the receptor.%,9.19%;under the treatment of 1 field water(1 winter irrigation),the flag leaf length and width and plant height of the three TaSTPK1 transgenic wheat lines were slightly higher than that of the receptor,but the difference was not significant compared with the receptor.The spikelet number,effective tiller number,mu ear number,and spike grain number are higher than the receptor,the mu ear number,spikelet number,effective tiller number are significantly different from the receptor,and the thousand-grain weight is 13.94% higher than the recipient material,respectively.,9.36%,15.05%,the grain length and grain width are higher than the receptor,the yield per mu is 8.24%,6.95%,and 9.19% higher than the receptor,respectively,and the drought resistance indexes of the three transgenic lines are calculated by calculation 1.10,1.12,1.11,according to the drought resistance level,it is known that the three transgenic lines have strong drought resistance;under zero water treatment in the field,the spikelet number,thousand-grain weight,and equivalent yield per mu of the transgenic lines compared with the recipient increased compared with the one water treatment Larger,indicating that overexpression of foreign gene TaSTPK1 can increase the yield of transgenic wheat.The above research results indicate that the overexpression of protein kinase TaPK10 and TaSTPK1 genes can significantly improve the drought resistance of transgenic wheat.The drought resistance of the transgenic wheat lines tested has reached a strong drought resistance level.Thousand-grain weight increased,and the yield equivalent to acres also increased significantly.These results provide a basis for the further utilization of the drought-resistant transgenic wheat. |
PDF Full Text Request