Rule Of The Ceramic Emitters Clogging Under Irrigation With Saline Water And Its Prevention Measures

As a new type of underground irrigation emitter,ceramic irrigator has the advantages of energy efficient and environment friendly.However,the ceramic emitter,a major component of infiltration irrigation system,is often clogging in the application process,which directly affects the service life and the irrigation system performance,thus seriously restrict the popularization of ceramic emitter.This paper takes ceramic irrigator as the research object,modern analytical techniques such as mathematical analysis,X-ray diffraction?XRD?,scanning electron microscopy?SEM?and energy dispersive spectrometer?EDS?were used for qualitatively and quantitatively analysis of the discharge,chemical composition,contents and surface morphology of the clogging substance.The behavior and dynamic response mechanism of ceramic emitter clogging under saline water were investigated.Based on the anti-clogging test,the control method for chemical plugging was proposed.The main conclusions were drawn as follows:?1?Studied the clogging characteristics of the ceramic emitter under saline water irrigation system.The application of saline water irrigation will indeed lead to a decrease in the discharge ratio variation?Dra?of the emitter,and the high EC has an obvious accelerating effect on the ceramic emitter clogging.Within a certain range,the accelerating effect of the emitter clogging is more obvious with the increase of the EC.The clogging part was the inner wall rather than the pores of the ceramic emitter.The clogging substance attached to the inner wall of the ceramic emitters contained CaCO₃,SiO₂,CaAl₂Si₂O₈4H₂O and a little NaCl,among which the CaCO₃was the primary substance that induced the emitter clogging.And it was found that emitter clogging was a progressive process rather than an abrupt event.?2?Established the flushing frequency for controlling the chemical clogging of the ceramic emitter.Compared with no flushing,lateral flushing can effectively reduce the risk of emitter clogging and keep the emitter flow at a high level for a long time.Besides,the flushing frequency of once/1d was the best for clogging control.But considering the operation convenience and the water consumption,the appropriate flushing frequency can be decreased to once/5d.Flushing has a greater impact on the content distribution percentage of different types of clogging substance,but it can not reduce the type of clogging substance.The clogging position distribution in the lateral is obvious,and the clogging degree of the emitter along the lateral tends to decrease,all of which were as follows:head>middle>tail.?3?Proposed the"dual"control method for chemical clogging of the irrigation system.Compared with installing a filtering device alone,lateral flushing and no treatment conditions,the filtration with lateral flushing can effectively reduce the clogging substance content in the ceramic emitter inner wall,thus increasing the emitter's Dra.The distribution of clogging substances in space was different,and the Ca CO₃content decreases continuously along the lateral,while the distribution of Si O₂ content in the head,middle and tail of the lateral has no obvious rule.Therefore,when the test conditions permit,it is suggested to use"dual"control measures for irrigation system.