| This is the key construction area of three North shelterbelts,and also an important peanut production area in China.The development of agroforestry composite system is an effective way to stabilize agricultural growth and give full play to forest ecological benefits.This study provides woody plant materials for the configuration of agroforestry composite system.Firstly,the simulation experiment of the configuration of peanut and forest composite system was carried out.The root distribution characteristics,soil nutrient characteristics,nutrient loss characteristics and the effects on peanut growth of six tree species intercropped with peanut were studied,including Morus alba,Populus,Pinus sylvestris,Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge,Hippophae rhamnoides and Lycium Chinese.Furthermore,the effects of agroforestry system with suitable tree species allocation on Peanut Yield and soil nutrient dynamics were further studied in the field.The results are as follows:In this study,Morus alba,Populus,Pinus sylvestris,Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge and Hippophae rhamnoides promoted aboveground biomass,underground biomass and total biomass of peanut,increased root length and root surface area of peanut,and promoted more distribution of peanut root system to upper soil.Compared with peanut treatment,Lycium Chinese significantly inhibited aboveground biomass,underground biomass,total biomass,and root length and root surface area of peanut.The total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,available potassium and ammonium nitrogen decreased with the increase of soil depth.With the increase of soil depth,the content of nitrate increased first and then decreased,and the content of nitrate increased obviously in the soil layer of 40-60 cm.The soil nutrient content of peanut and tree composite system was higher than that of the control and the intercropping of woody plant and peanut could improve the soil nutrient status.In the aspect of nutrient loss,the leaching concentrations of NH4+,NO3-,TN,TP,PO43-and K+ in the mixture of Morus alba,Populus.,Pinus sylvestris,Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge,Hippophae rhamnoides and peanut were lower than those of peanut control.The nutrient leaching concentration of Lycium Chinese and peanut was significantly higher than that of the control.The composite system of peanut and tree can slow down the loss of nutrient content,and Morus alba peanut composite system has the best effect.The results showed that the growth and yield of peanut were improved by the five agroforestry models of Morus alba,Populus,Pinus sylvestris,Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge and Hippophae rhamnoides,but there was no significant difference among the different agroforestry models.Different forms of soil nutrients in different soil layers showed a trend of decreasing with the increase of soil depth,and the nutrient content of the surface soil was greater than that of the deep soil.During the whole monitoring period,the soil nutrients of agroforestry system were higher than that of peanut control.The results showed that a good agroforestry system could improve the soil and retain nutrients,and the decrease rate of soil available nutrients after fertilization was faster than that of peanut control.Therefore,it was found that Morus alba,Populus.,Pinus sylvestris,Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge and Hippophae rhamnoides can promote peanut growth,reduce nutrient loss and improve soil under simulated conditions and in the field in 6 species of Morus alba,Populus,Pinus sylvestris,Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge,Hippophae rhamnoides and Lycium Chinese.Among them,the best effect is mulberry peanut.Lycium Chinese significantly inhibited the growth of peanut,and its ability of nutrient retention and soil improvement was significantly weaker than that of peanut monoculture,so it was not suitable for the allocation of agroforestry system with peanut. |
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