| At present,about 50% of the world's population is facing health problems caused by zinc deficiency such as“hidden hunger”.The human body's zinc deficiency has attracted high attention worldwide,especially in developing countries.At this stage,wheat grain agronomic zinc strengthening is an important measure to solve or effectively alleviate this problem,mainly including leaf spraying of zinc sulfate,soil application of zinc sulfate or a combination of the two,and agronomic management measures such as adding different organic materials in the field will also affect the effective soil The zinc content and the absorption of zinc from wheat plants change the zinc content of the grains.Therefore,this study took potential zinc-deficient calcareous soil and winter wheat as the object,and combined the application of organic materials with zinc fertilizer or the combination of soil application and sprayed zinc fertilizer to clarify The effect and mechanism of activating soil zinc to increase the zinc content of grains,and proposed a zinc nutrient fortification scheme suitable for potential zinc-deficient calcareous soil areas.The main results are as follows.?1?Adopt three-year field positioning experiment to study the effects of agronomic measures of three organic materials?organic fertilizer,wheat straw,fulvic acid?combined with zinc fertilizer on soil zinc regulation and wheat grain zinc strengthening.The study found that the combination of organic materials and inorganic zinc fertilizer on the calcareous soil or direct application of chelated zinc fertilizer can promote the formation of more organic zinc complexes by increasing the content of DOM in the soil,making the soil loose organic The proportion of Zn in the form of Zn increases,which in turn increases the content of DTPA-Zn.The DTPA-Zn content of the soil treated with Zn+M and Zn+St reaches 4.3 mg kg-1,and the zinc content of wheat grain reaches 39.4 mg kg-1,which is higher than that of the control Increased by 32%,phytic acid/zinc molar ratio decreased by 15%,basically meet the human body's demand for zinc.Therefore,the combined application of decomposed sheep manure,wheat straw and inorganic zinc fertilizer is a potentially effective method of wheat grain zinc biofortification.Compared with Zn+M and Zn+St treatment,although the effect of EDTA-Zn is more superior,the cost of this chelate is high and it cannot be used economically on a large scale.In addition,the application of EDTA or the like in the soil The chemical chelating agent usually leads to higher metal mobility,which may cause trace elements?such as copper and zinc?to be leached from the soil,and the soil will become poor.Therefore,EDTA should be used with caution,and biodegradable organic chelates such as organic fertilizers and straws should be selected for wheat grain zinc strengthening.?2?The combination of soil application and leaf spraying of zinc fertilizer has no significant effect on wheat grain yield.As far as wheat grain zinc content is concerned,the main effects of the two are significantly affected.Compared with zinc spraying alone?Zn1?,zinc fertilizer and The combined application of fulvic acid?Zn2?had no significant effect on the zinc content of wheat grains,but it significantly increased the cumulative amount of Zn in the grains,which indicated that the biostimulant fulvic acid could increase the Zn carrying amount of wheat grains.For the nutritional quality of wheat grains,the large amounts of nutrients N,P,K are not significantly affected,and the content of trace elements Fe will increase due to zinc application.After spraying zinc fertilizer,the wheat grain phytic acid/zinc molar ratio is less than 20,indicating that the wheat grain zinc bioavailable zinc is increased,but the estimated human zinc absorption TAZ content is only 1.3-1.6 mg,which cannot meet The daily zinc demand?2.4 mg?,however,compared with zinc spraying alone,zinc fertilizer combined with fulvic acid treatment grain TAZ content increased significantly by10%,so leaf spraying zinc fertilizer combined with biological estrogen is to achieve wheat grain zinc Important agronomic measures to improve its biological effectiveness.To sum up,this study proposes a suitable zinc nutrient fortification scheme for wheat in calcareous soil areas with potential zinc deficiency:by applying biodegradable chelating agents similar to EDTA,ie exogenous organic materials?organic fertilizer,straw,etc.?,To promote the conversion of the ineffective zinc component of the soil to the effective zinc component,thereby promoting the supply of available zinc in the soil and the absorption of wheat zinc.On the basis of applying zinc fertilizer on soil,biostimulant and zinc fertilizer are sprayed together during the flowering period of wheat,so as to achieve the goal of enriching zinc in wheat grains and improving their bioavailability. |
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