Diversity And Biological Characteristics Of Medicinal Plant Trichoderma In Hebei Province

Hebei Anguo is one of the largest planting sites and distribution centers of Chinese medicinal materials in China,with an average annual output of 27 million kg,accounting for about 75% of the total output of Chinese medicinal materials in Hebei Province.Trichoderma fungi are ubiquitous in soil and have multiple biocontrol functions.In order to improve the quality and yield of medicinal materials,isolate Trichoderma fungi from the soil of medicinal plants,and study the diversity of Trichoderma fungi.It is necessary to determine the composition and distribution characteristics of Trichoderma fungi in the rhizosphere soil of medicinal plants,and at the same time,select the optimal culture conditions to provide the Trichoderma fungi with the most suitable growth conditions in order to provide the fungal strain resources.From 2017 to 2019,26 species of medicinal plants such as Ophiopogon japonicus,Scutellaria barbata and Linum usitatissimum were selected from the Chinese medicinal material planting base in Anguo.Soil samples of 0~30 cm in the root soil were collected,morphological characteristics were combined with rDNA ITS sequence analysis to classify and identify fungi,and the species composition and diversity of Trichoderma fungi were studied,with ecological functions of soil factors and analyzes the biological characteristics of the species,in order to explore the composition and species distribution of Trichoderma spp.community in the root soil of medicinal plants in Anguo,Hebei Province,China,and to preserve the resources of Trichoderma strains and provide a basis for subsequent research.The main test results are as follows:1.13 species of Trichoderma were isolated and identified in the rhizosphere soils of plant,including Trichoderma viride,Trichoderma atroviride,Trichoderma harzianum,Trichoderma brevicompactum,Trichoderma longibrachiatum,Trichoderma turrialbense,Trichoderma guizhouense,Trichoderma erinaceus,Trichoderma koningii,Trichoderma aureoviride,Trichoderma trixiae,Trichoderma asperellum and Trichoderma simmonsii.The dominant species were Trichoderma viride,Trichoderma atroviride,Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma brevicompactum.2.The composition of Trichoderma communities of different plants was significantly different.The species of Trichoderma in Lonicera japonica was the highest(9.3%),and Trichoderma viride,Trichoderma atroviride,Trichoderma harzianum,Trichoderma brevicompactum,Trichoderma guizhouense and Trichoderma koningii were separated,and the Shannon Wiener Index was the highest(1.089),the uniformity index was small(0.778).Species of Ophiopogon japonicus followed(9%),with Trichoderma viride,Trichoderma atroviride,Trichoderma brevicompactum,Trichoderma koningii and Trichoderma erinaceus,the Shannon Wiener Index was 0.743 and the uniformity index was 0.799.3.Soil phosphatase,organic carbon,and available nitrogen were the main variables affecting soil physical and chemical properties.Correlation analysis showed that Trichoderma fungal community was significantly correlated with soil factors,diversity index,and species abundance.Phosphatase was significantly positively correlated with soil organic carbon,available nitrogen,and urease,and rapidly available phosphorus was significantly positively correlated with urease and phosphatase.Variance decomposition indicated that Trichoderma diversity was mainly affected by plant species.4.The optimum temperature of Trichoderma viride is 25~40 ?,and the optimum pH is 4~7.Under the light condition,the mycelium grows fastest and the spore production is the largest.Under the conditions of glucose as carbon source and ammonium nitrogen as nitrogen source The mycelium and spore-producing ability are the strongest;the optimal temperature of Trichoderma atroviride is 20~35 ?,and the optimal pH is 5~9.Mycelium grows best under light conditions,and glucose is the best carbon source.Nitrogen is the best nitrogen source;the optimal temperature of Trichoderma harzianum is 25~35 ?,and the optimal pH is 4~8.It grows fastest under light conditions,produces most spores,and uses glucose and ammonium nitrogen;the optimal temperature of Trichoderma brevicompactum is 20~35 ?,and the optimal pH is 5~9.The best carbon and nitrogen sources are glucose and ammonium nitrogen,and the light will promote the growth and sporulation of mycelia.