| Pinaceae plants are common afforestation and urban greenery species in Northeast China,they are evergreen,especially in winter and spring,their fungicidal effects are significantly higher than those of deciduous trees,which have good application value for improving the ecological environment of city streets and courtyards.In this experiment,3 common pinaceae plants,Pinus tabuliformis Carr.var mukdensis Uyeki、Pinus sylvestris.var mongolia Litv and Picea koraiensis Nakai were selected from the campus of Jilin Agricultural University under different growth environments(campus buffer zone、campus duxing road、the hill behind the campus).They were tested and analyzed for their antimicrobial effects and influencing factors of different seasons,they were screened for the best antimicrobial effects of the 3 species of pinaceae plants in different seasons,and the volatile oils composition analysis were carried out to determine the main antimicrobial components and content of the 3 species of pinaceae plants in each season,so as to provide reference from pinaceae plants to better exert their antimicrobial effects of landscape green.The relevant conclusions are as follows:(1)Indoor water branch insertion bacteriostatic experiment : the average bacteriostatic rate of Pinus tabulaeformis in September was the best,which was 45%;the average bacteriostatic rate of Pinus sylvestris in May was the best,which was54% and the average bacteriostatic rate of Picea koraiensis in November was the best,which was 41.6%.The bacteriostatic experiment of natural sedimentation method: the best results of the ground-breaking rate of Pinus tabulaeformis showed that,the best bacteriostatic rate of Pinus tabulaeformis was 42.3% on campus duxing road in June,was 35.9% on campus buffer zone in September,and was 32.6%on the hill behind the campus in September,similarly,the best bacteriostatic rate of Pinus sylvestris was 22% on campus duxing road in August,was 62.2% on campus buffer zone in September,and was 20.3% on the hill behind the campus in September;the best bacteriostatic rate of Picea koraiensis was 40.4% on campus duxing road in June,was 40.4% on campus buffer zone in September,and was 42.3%on the hill behind the campus in June.(2)The experimental results showed that the rate of pinaceae plants inhibition was highly significantly positively correlated with the community type,community Simpion index,community Pielou index,and community SW index,and highly significantly negatively correlated with the degree of ecological dominance over the sample site.At the same time,the rate of bacterial inhibition is positively correlated with temperature,light,wind speed,Dust retention and negatively correlated with humidity.(3)The experiment on extraction of volatile oils showed that : the average extraction rate of volatile oil in campus buffer zone of Pinus tabulaeformis was the best,which was 0.48%、the average extraction rate of volatile oil in campus duxing road and campus buffer zone of Pinus tabulaeformis was the best,which was 0.50% and the average extraction rate of volatile oil in campus buffer zone of Pinus tabulaeformis was 0.45%.The extraction rate of volatile oils were generally higher in the spring and autumn seasons than in the autumn and winter season.May-July 2019,the extraction rate of volatile oils from the leaves of nine samples were highly significantly positively correlated with the nitrogen content.(4)The volatile oils drug-sensitive antibacterial experiments showed that the volatile oils of the1 a branches and leaves of 3species of pinaceae plants showed no specificity to G+ and G-,with broad spectrum antibacterial properties.The comprehensive bacteriostatic effect of Pinus tabulaeformis was the best in October,and the average bacteriostatic zone of Pinus tabulaeformis against the tested bacteria was 18.03±1.54 mm;while that of Pinus sylvestris against the tested bacteria in November was 19.11 ± 1.65 mm,and that of Picea koraiensis against the tested bacteria in October was 19.77±1.21 mm,the bacteriostatic effect belongs to high sensitivity.(5)The results of the analysis of the volatile oils of Pinus tabulaeformis in the best samples of bacterial inhibition in each season showed that the highest relative content of volatile oil in spring,summer and autumn was(-)-β-caryophyllene;the highest relative content of volatile oil in winter was γ-muurolene.There were 12 identical components in all seasons,mainly(-)-α-muurolene,(S)-germacrene D,α-Muurolene;the analysis results of volatile oils of Pinus sylvestris showed that the highest the highest relative content of volatile oil in summer was(+)-delta-cadinene;in autumn,and the highest relative content of volatile oil inγ-muurolene;in winter was β-cadinene.There were 15 kinds of the same components in each season,the main components are(-)-α-muurolene,α-Muurolene,(1-Muurolene 7-trimethyl norbornane-2-YL)acetic acid;the analysis results of volatile oils of Picea koraiensis showed that the relative content of volatile oil was l-bornyl acetate in spring,(1-Muurolene 7-trimethyl norbornane-2-YL)acetic acid in summer,bornyl acetate in autumn and winter.There are 9 same components in each season,mainly beta-pinene,(R)-camphor and(+/-)-Isoborneol,.In different seasons,the main components of volatile oil of 3 pinaceae plants are terpenes,alcohols and esters,and some contain a small amount of aldehydes and alkanes. |
