Evaluation Of Spring Maize Population Quality And Comprehensive Benefit Under Different Integrated Management Practices

This experiment selected different corn cultivars as the experimental material and was conducted in the experimental field(124°48'43"E,43°29'55" N,altitude 221m)of jilin academy of agricultural sciences,Gongzhuling city,Jilin province from 2009 to 2019.Different integrated management practices were set up in the experiment:CK,TRA,HY and OPT.The effects of different integrated management practices on spring maize yield,nutrient accumulation,partial fertilizer productivity,precipitation utilization efficiency and environmental and economic benefits were studied.The main research results are as follows:1.Effects of different integrated management practices on maize yield,formation and biomassHY treatment and OPT times by increasing planting density,fertilizer,organic fertilizer and micronutrient fertilizer,join the deep loosening cultivation measures,give full play to the potential yield,rely on group obviously increase the number of the harvest and harvesting panicles,a considerable improvement of yield and HY and processing corn yield and biomass of OPT than CK treatment increased by 108.5%?143.7%,the TRA treatment increased by 2.6%?14.1%.2.Effects of different integrated management practices on dynamic nutrient accumulation in maizeCompared with OPT treatment,HY treatment showed that excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer did not significantly improve the dynamic accumulation of nutrients.Compared with OPT treatment,the dynamic accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrients in big horn mouth stage,tastasing stage and maturity stage of maize can be significantly increased by proper thickening,reasonable nutrient management and increasing tillage measures of deep pine.Compared with CK treatment,the accumulation of nitrogen in HY and OPT treatment increased by 103.0%-291.5%,the accumulation of phosphorus by 34.4%?142.9%,and the accumulation of potassium by 47.6%?142.5%.Compared with TRA treatment,nitrogen accumulation increased by 15.7%?29.9%,phosphorus accumulation by 23.9%?39.6%,and potassium accumulation by 3.0%?61.1%.3.Effects of different integrated management practices on photosynthetic characteristics of maizeComparing TRA treatment with CK treatment,it can be concluded that the application of chemical fertilizer can effectively improve the photosynthetic performance of maize population.OPT treatment and TRA contrast,can be obtained by increasing planting density,reasonable nutrient management and the integrated optimization of deep loosening measures can significantly increase the leaf area index of flowering period,and can slow down the declining rate of leaf area index after flowering,further prolonged effective photosynthesis of corn,which further increases the grain on the absorption of nutrients,further improve the production.4.Effects of different integrated management practices on partial productivity of fertilizersCompared with HY treatment,OPT treatment significantly increased the partial productivity of nitrogen,phosphorus and potash on the basis of reducing 30%nitrogen fertilizer,25%phosphate fertilizer and 25%potash fertilizer,in which the partial productivity of nitrogen,phosphorus and potash increased by 42.5%,32.9%and 32.9%respectively.Compared with TRA treatment,the partial productivity of OPT treatment increased by 9.9%under the condition of reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer.5.Effects of different integrated management practices on the utilization efficiency of precipitationCompared with CK treatment,the application of chemical fertilizer can significantly improve the utilization efficiency of precipitation.The utilization efficiency of precipitation in the four treatment rooms was the lowest in the no-fertilizer zone(CK),and the treatments of TRA,HY and OPT increased by 124.5%,130.9%and 130.4%,respectively,compared with the treatments of CK.This suggests that WUE is primarily related to the application of fertilizers.6.Effects of different integrated management practices on carbon footprintIn this experiment,the greenhouse gas emission and emission intensity of each treatment room were shown as HY>OPT>TRA>CK treatment,and the greenhouse gas emission of HY treatment was the largest,4796.3kg CO2 eq ha-1,and the largest,414.7kg CO2 eq mg-1.From the comprehensive consideration of improving grain yield and improving environmental benefits,OPT treatment is a more appropriate agronomic management mode.7.Effects of different integrated management practices on economic benefitsIn this experiment,OPT treatment is the best agronomic management mode to achieve grain yield increase and environmental friendliness,but the economic benefits need to be further improved.