Cultivation Of Pleurotus Pulmonarius Using Agro-residues

In this paper,the"simple lattice method"in Design-expert.V8.0.6.1 software was used to design and cultivate Pleurotus pulmonarius by mixing agro-residues such as wheat straw,corn straw,and soybean straw.The mycelial growth rate,laccase activity,polyphenoloxidase activity,cellulase activity,protease activity,and bacterial contamination rate were measured at vegetative growth stage;the budding time,harvest time,stipe length,stipe length,pileus length,pileus width,pileus thickness,yield,and?-glucosidase activity of fruiting body were measured at reproductive growth stage.The software was used to analyze the influence of the interactions among the main materials on the evaluation indexes.Finally,a high-yield comprehensive formula was optimized and verified.The results showed that most of the measured indexes were significantly better than the control formula,suggesting that agro-residues could replace poplar sawdust and cottonseed shell for the cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius.The main contents of this experiment are summarized below:1.Change rules of enzyme activity of Pleurotus pulmonarius in the cultivation of agro-residues and correlation among evaluation indexesIn this paper,seven agro-residues were screened.Taking the mycelium growth rate as the evaluation index,the mycelium growth rate of soybean straw matrix was the highest?3.50mm/d?,making it most suitable for the growth of Pleurotus pulmonarius.The mycelium growth rate of soybean straw matrix was significantly higher than that of the control matrix?3.39 mm/d?,followed by wheat straw?3.27 mm/d?and corn straw?3.00 mm/d?in succession.On this basis,soybean straw,wheat straw,and corn straw were selected as appropriate matrices for the next step of formula optimization experiment.In this paper,the enzyme activities of cellulase,laccase,polyphenoloxidase,and protease were analyzed.It was found that the effects of different formulas on enzyme activities were varied from one enzyme to another.To be specific,the effects on protease were the least,followed by cellulase and laccase,and the most significant effect was exerted on polyphenoloxidase.Almost all of the 11 formulas had their own rules on polyphenoloxidase activities.In this paper,the correlation between enzyme activity and agronomic characters was analyzed.At vegetative growth stage,yield was significantly correlated with 5-day cellulase activity,15-day laccase activity,and 25-day protease activity.Based on this,we can preliminarily judge whether some substrates are beneficial to the cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius.At reproductive growth stage,yield was significantly correlated with stipe length,pileus length,pileus width,pileus thickness,the activity of?-glucosidase in fruiting body,and harvest time.Among them,pileus length was most significantly correlated with yield,which suggested that the pileus length of Pleurotus pulmonarius was a main factor affecting yield.2.Formula optimization of"replacing wood with grass"for Pleurotus pulmonariusWheat straw,soybean straw,and corn straw had significant effects on optimization factors?mycelium growth rate,harvest time,stipe length,pileus length,pileus width,and yield?.Wheat straw had the largest contribution rate to mycelium growth,followed by corn straw and soybean straw in succession.Soybean straw had the largest contribution rate to harvest time,stipe length,pileus length,pileus width,and yield,followed by corn straw and wheat straw.A high-yield formula was optimized using the simple lattice method,that is,40.4%wheat straw,20.3%corn straw,18.3%soybean straw,20.0%wheat bran,and 1.0%light Ca CO₃.Through verifying the optimized high-yield comprehensive formula and the control formula,we found that the high-yield comprehensive formula was obviously superior to the control formula in terms of yield,mycelium growth,and other agronomic characteristics,as well as total sugar,crude protein,crude fiber,crude fat of the fruit body.The results suggested that wheat straw,corn straw,and soybean straw can replace poplar sawdust and cottonseed shell as the main culture mediums of Pleurotus pulmonarius.This paper provides a theoretical basis for the facility production of Pleurotus pulmonarius through"replacing wood with grass".