Study On Spraying And Utilization Of Surface Soil Of Birch Forest In Songshan District Of Beijing

Topsoil are the soil layers close to the surface,which are nutrient-rich and contain a soil seed bank with vegetation restoration potential.They are important non-renewable resources.In recent years,with the increase of engineering construction,surface soil resources have been destroyed due to the lack of feasible reuse technologies.In response to this situation,researchers and practitioners have tried a variety of methods,such as spray seeding and the use of plant bags,but there are still few practices for efficient use of topsoil and its vegetation restoration potential,especially through spray seeding.In this paper,the surface soil of the birch forest in Songshan area of Yanqing,Beijing is used as a material for vegetation restoration.Based on the basic principle of efficient use of soil resources,this paper proposes the utilization direction of using surface soil resources in the seed layer soil part of the spraying technology.Through the design of surface soil direct utilization,dilution utilization,and the utilization of added grass seeds,the feasibility of using surface soil as the base material configuration of the seed layer soil in the spraying technology and the better utilization method are explored for the use of surface soil for spraying in the northern mountainous area of Beijing.The use of vegetation restoration provides practical experience accumulation.The results of the study showed that in terms of the structural characteristics of the community composition of different topsoil utilization methods,the number of germination plant families in the topsoil containing litter configuration is up to 16 families,and the mixed diluted topsoil + ryegrass species group(except for the 1:2 mixed diluted topsoil + ryegrass species In terms of plant growth characteristics with different topsoil utilization methods,the topsoil configuration methods of adding ryegrass species are significantly higher than those of directly using topsoil and diluting topsoil in terms of plant community height and coverage.Utilization methods;in terms of biodiversity,the litter-containing topsoil configuration and litter-containing topsoil + ryegrass configuration performed best;the number of plants germinated from the seed bank showed an overall trend,and the excess diluted topsoil group was directly used The surface soil utilization method is greater than the treatmentwith ryegrass seeds;in terms of the survival rate characteristics of the seed bank plants,the survival rate of the direct use of the topsoil and the diluted use of the topsoil is significantly greater than the treatment with the addition of ryegrass;the different utilization methods after adding the topsoil Soil physical and chemical properties have a certain degree of improvement effect;Analysis conclusion:1.When using topsoil as the soil part of the seed layer substrate formulation in spraying technology to restore vegetation,adding ryegrass seeds will have a certain impact on the germination and growth of plants in the topsoil seed bank,but the overall vegetation restoration effect is better than simple Directly use the topsoil configuration method;2.After the topsoil is diluted in different amounts,the vegetation restoration effect of adding ryegrass seeds is better than the configuration method of simply diluting the topsoil,but the overall configuration method is inferior to using the topsoil and adding ryegrass seeds;3.This paper selects three types of plants in the seed bank,the survival rate of germinated plants in the seed bank,the Shannon-Wiener diversity index,the Simpson ecological dominance index,the species richness,the Pielou evenness index,the vegetation coverage,and the vegetation height 8 Using the analytic hierarchy process and the pros and cons solution method based on the analytic hierarchy process to confirm the right,the comprehensive evaluation of the effect of vegetation restoration was carried out.The evaluation results show that: the configuration method of directly using the topsoil to configure the seed layer and adding ryegrass seeds and the configuration method of directly using the topsoil containing litter to configure the seed layer and adding ryegrass seeds have better vegetation restoration effects,considering the litter The material also contains a lot of seeds,which is helpful for subsequent vegetation succession.It is recommended to use topsoil containing litter for the utilization of seed layer configuration.