Transcriptome Analysis Of Tibetan And Sanjiang Cattle Heart Tissues

The climate of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is harsh and changeable,and such as low oxygen,cold,and high radiation have an important effect on animal survival.China’s cattle breeds are rich in resources,it’s not only important production but also livelihoods for farmers.Tibetan cattle are unique breeds in Tibet.They provide meat,milk,skin and other products to the working people of Tibet.Because of strong reversibility and other characteristics can help them well adapt to the plateau ecological environment conditions.In this study,RNA-seq was used to analyze the expression profile of mRNA,lncRNA and circRNA.We have been done GO enrichment and annotated with KEGG pathway.Perform association analysis of lncRNA-mRNA,circRNA-miRNA-mRNA.The main results are as follows:Six samples obtained 10.5～17.1 G original reads.The filtered high-quality reads compared with the cattle reference genome（ARS-UCD1.2）were higher than 87.5%.Six genes were selected with GADPH as the internal reference gene.RT-qPCR result relative expression level were consistent with the expression level of the transcriptome sequencing.The transcriptome sequencing data was determined to be reliable.There are 7 254 lncRNA transcripts were obtained,of which 2 860 were known transcripts,and 903 were new transcripts.The statistics of lncRNA types showed that the most number of lncRNAs are the intergenic region.There are 4 differentially expressed lncRNAs in Tibetan and Sanjiang cattle.There are 66 435 mRNA transcripts were obtained,of which 44 233 were known transcripts and 7 957 were reliable new transcripts,there are 608 differentially expressed mRNAs in Tibetan and Sanjiang cattle.Differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in 50 GO functional terms.Among these terms,the term with a greater number of differentially expressed genes were cell processes,binding,cells,and cell parts;KEGG enrichment analysis find 8 significantly enriched signal pathways.Among them,the cGMP-PKG signal pathway is the most enrichment and have the most numbers differentially expressed genes,and the differentially expressed genes AKT1,BAD and VASP,NFATC1 are significantly up-regulated,MEF2 D and ATP2B4 are significantly down-regulated enriched in the pathway.LncRNA plays a role in GO functional items such as biological processes,binding,cells,and cell parts through differentially expressed genes ARID1 A,NAA50,ECE1,and NAA50 related to altitude adaptation.LncRNA target genes are adapted Plateau environment through vitamin B6,metabolism and other signaling pathways.There are 23 013 circRNAs were identified,and the number of circRNAs with a length ranging from 300 to 400 nt was the largest.There are 283 differentially expressed circRNAs were obtained.Differentially expressed circRNA’s derived genes were enriched in 45 GO function terms.KEGG enrichment resulted is that 14 significantly enriched signal pathways,and the cGMP-PKG signal pathway is the same pathway as the differentially expressed genes.In the interaction relationship of ircRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs,the differentially expressed circRNA,novel_circ₀18959 with ECE1,NFATC1,CAST,COX7 C genes existential relationship to adapt to plateau environment.In this study,mRNA,lncRNA,and circRNA expression profiles of Tibetan and Sanjiang cattle were analyzed by RNA-seq for the first time.A large number of differentially expressed mRNAs,lncRNAs,and circRNAs were obtained.The differentially expressed genes COX7C、CAST、NFATC1、ECE1 which are the genes related to plateau adaptation.The pathways such as cGMP-PKG-P38,actin cytoskeleton regulation,and focal adhesions are related to adaptive regulation mechanisms.This will provide basic information for further research on the mRNA,lncRNA,circRNA with hypoxia adaptability of Tibetan cattle.